A new set of atmosphere and evolution models for cool T–Y brown dwarfs and giant exoplanets

Autor: Ben Drummond, Mark W. Phillips, Eric Hébrard, Jayesh M. Goyal, Isabelle Baraffe, Nicole F. Allard, Fernand Spiegelman, Pascal Tremblin, Gilles Chabrier
Přispěvatelé: University of Exeter, Maison de la Simulation (MDLS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Physics and Astronomy [Exeter], Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation, Agrégats, Dynamique (LCPQ) (MAD), Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (LCPQ), Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Carl Sagan Institute, Cornell University [New York], United Kingdom Met Office [Exeter], ERC grant 787361-COBOM, European Research Council - Grant Agreement ATMO 757858, École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3)
Jazyk: angličtina
Předmět:
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Opacity
Metallicity
Brown dwarf
FOS: Physical sciences
Atmospheric model
Astrophysics
01 natural sciences
7. Clean energy
Atmosphere
0103 physical sciences
Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Emission spectrum
stars: evolution
010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Line (formation)
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
Physics
planets and satellites: atmospheres
[PHYS]Physics [physics]
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Exoplanet
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
13. Climate action
Space and Planetary Science
Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
brown dwarfs
Zdroj: Astronomy and Astrophysics-A&A
Astronomy and Astrophysics-A&A, 2020, 637, pp.A38. ⟨10.1051/0004-6361/201937381⟩
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Astronomy and Astrophysics-A&A, EDP Sciences, 2020, 637, pp.A38. ⟨10.1051/0004-6361/201937381⟩
ISSN: 1432-0746
0004-6361
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201937381
Popis: We present a new set of solar metallicity atmosphere and evolutionary models for very cool brown dwarfs and self-luminous giant exoplanets, which we term ATMO 2020. Atmosphere models are generated with our state-of-the-art 1D radiative-convective equilibrium code ATMO, and are used as surface boundary conditions to calculate the interior structure and evolution of $0.001-0.075\,\mathrm{M_{\odot}}$ objects. Our models include several key improvements to the input physics used in previous models available in the literature. Most notably, the use of a new H-He equation of state including ab initio quantum molecular dynamics calculations has raised the mass by $\sim1-2\%$ at the stellar-substellar boundary and has altered the cooling tracks around the hydrogen and deuterium burning minimum masses. A second key improvement concerns updated molecular opacities in our atmosphere model ATMO, which now contains significantly more line transitions required to accurately capture the opacity in these hot atmospheres. This leads to warmer atmospheric temperature structures, further changing the cooling curves and predicted emission spectra of substellar objects. We present significant improvement for the treatment of the collisionally broadened potassium resonance doublet, and highlight the importance of these lines in shaping the red-optical and near-infrared spectrum of brown dwarfs. We generate three different grids of model simulations, one using equilibrium chemistry and two using non-equilibrium chemistry due to vertical mixing, all three computed self-consistently with the pressure-temperature structure of the atmosphere. We show the impact of vertical mixing on emission spectra and in colour-magnitude diagrams, highlighting how the $3.5-5.5\,\mathrm{\mu m}$ flux window can be used to calibrate vertical mixing in cool T-Y spectral type objects.
Comment: 21 pages, 18 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in A&A. Models available at http://opendata.erc-atmo.eu and http://perso.ens-lyon.fr/isabelle.baraffe/ATMO2020/
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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