Plant Breeders' Rights, Patents, and Incentives to Innovate

Autor: Hervouet, Adrien, Langinier, Corinne
Přispěvatelé: Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquée de Grenoble (GAEL), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), University of Alberta, Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ecoles doctorales n° 509 « civilisations et sociétés euro-méditérannénnes et comparées » et n° 548 « mer et sciences », Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquée = Grenoble Applied Economics Laboratory (GAEL), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of Montpellier. Faculty of Economics, GAEL. Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquée de Grenoble, Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquée de Grenoble ( GAEL ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), University of Alberta [Edmonton]
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences
innovation variétale
patents
jel:D23
JEL : Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics • Environmental and Ecological Economics/Q.Q1 - Agriculture/Q.Q1.Q16 - R&D • Agricultural Technology • Biofuels • Agricultural Extension Services
Crop Production/Industries
[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
lcsh:Agriculture
seed saving
JEL: Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics • Environmental and Ecological Economics/Q.Q1 - Agriculture/Q.Q1.Q16 - R&D • Agricultural Technology • Biofuels • Agricultural Extension Services
[ SHS.ECO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and finances
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
2. Zero hunger
plant breeders' rights
lcsh:S
[SDV.SA.AEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agriculture
economy and politics
durable good
[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance
innovation
jel:L12
droit de l'obtenteur
brevet
jel:K11
Agricultural and Food Policy
Intellectual Property Rights
Plant Breeders’ Rights
Seed Saving
[ SDV.SA.AEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agriculture
economy and politics
jel:Q12
Zdroj: Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics
Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 2018, 43 (1), pp.118-150
6e Doctoriades Euro-méditerranéennes
6e Doctoriades Euro-méditerranéennes, Ecoles doctorales n° 509 « civilisations et sociétés euro-méditérannénnes et comparées » et n° 548 « mer et sciences », Oct 2014, Toulon, France
Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 1 (43), 118-150. (2018)
The Fifth International Doctoral Meeting of Montpellier
The Fifth International Doctoral Meeting of Montpellier, May 2013, Montpellier, France
Third GAEL Conference: Product Differentiation and Innovation on Related Markets
Third GAEL Conference: Product Differentiation and Innovation on Related Markets, Jun 2013, Grenoble, France
6ème Doctoriades Euro-méditerranéennes
6ème Doctoriades Euro-méditerranéennes, Oct 2014, Toulon, France
5th International Doctoral Meeting of Montpellier-DMM 2013
5th International Doctoral Meeting of Montpellier-DMM 2013, University of Montpellier. Faculty of Economics, May 2013, Montpellier, France
Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics
Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Wiley, 2018, 43 (1), pp.118-150
3rd GAEL Conference : "Product differentiation and innovation on related markets"
3rd GAEL Conference : "Product differentiation and innovation on related markets", GAEL. Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquée de Grenoble, Jun 2013, Grenoble, France
Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Vol 43, Iss 1, Pp 118-150 (2018)
Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 2018, 43 (1), pp.118-150. 〈http://www.waeaonline.org/publications/jare/search-past-issues〉
ISSN: 1068-5502
1364-985X
1467-8489
Popis: Innovations on plant varieties can be protected by patents or Plant Breeders’ Rights (PBRs). Although these methods of protection have similarities, they also have major differences. With the PBR regime, farmers are allowed to save part of their harvest to replant during the next period (“farmers’ exemption”). To comply with international regulation, they must pay a tax to seed producers for the loss incurred due to this exemption. We analyze the impact of this exemption and its associated tax on seed prices and on the incentives to innovate in a monopoly setting. We find that with only a PBR regime, a relatively high tax level is necessary to eliminate self-production. If both patent and PBR regimes coexist, farmers might still self-produce if the seed innovation is protected with a PBR. Our findings suggest that the coexistence of the two regimes does not fully prevent self-production. Nevertheless, it boosts the research investment which is a non-monotonic function of the tax. The seed producer might over or under invest compared to what is socially optimal. Moreover, incentives to innovate are the strongest, either with a patent regime or with a PBR regime for which a high tax prevents seed saving. In terms of welfare, having both systems has ambiguous effects.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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