Cryptic species and host specificity in the bryozoan-associated hydrozoan Zanclea divergens (Hydrozoa, Zancleidae)
| Autor: | Davide Seveso, Simone Montano, Paolo Galli, Andrea Schiavo, Francesca Benzoni, Davide Maggioni, Roberto Arrigoni, Michael L. Berumen, Andrew N. Ostrovsky |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Maggioni, D, Schiavo, A, Ostrovsky, A, Seveso, D, Galli, P, Arrigoni, R, Berumen, M, Benzoni, F, Montano, S |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine Species complex Statistics as Topic Zoology Morphology (biology) Disjunct 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Host Specificity 03 medical and health sciences Species Specificity Genus Genetics Species delimitation Animals 14. Life underwater Clade Symbiosis Molecular Biology Indian Ocean Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Phylogeny Hydrozoa Phylogenetic tree biology 16. Peace & justice biology.organism_classification 030104 developmental biology Nematocyst Sympatric speciation Celleporaria Integrative taxonomy |
| Popis: | Zanclea divergens is a tropical hydrozoan living in symbiotic association with bryozoans and currently reported from Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, and Maldives. Here, we used an integrative approach to assess the morpho-molecular diversity of the species across the Indo-Pacific. Phylogenetic and species delimitation analyses based on seven mitochondrial and nuclear loci revealed four well-supported molecular lineages corresponding to cryptic species, and representing a Pacific clade, an Indian clade, and two Red Sea clades. Since the general polyp morphology was almost identical in all samples, the nematocyst capsules were measured and analysed to search for possible fine-scale differences, and their statistical treatment revealed a significant difference in terms of length and width among the clades investigated. All Zanclea divergens specimens were specifically associated with cheilostome bryozoans belonging to the genus Celleporaria. The Pacific and Indian clades were associated with Celleporaria sp. and C. vermiformis, respectively, whereas both Red Sea lineages were associated with C. pigmentaria. Nevertheless, the sequencing of host bryozoans revealed that one of the Red Sea hydrozoan clades is associated with two morphologically undistinguishable, but genetically divergent, bryozoan species. Overall, our results show that Z. divergens is a species complex composed of morphologically cryptic lineages showing partially disjunct distributions and host specificity. The presence of two sympatric lineages living on the same host species reveal complex dynamics of diversification, and future research aimed at understanding their diversification process will likely improve our knowledge on the mechanisms of speciation among currently sympatric cryptic species. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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