Catechol-O-methyltransferase genotype modifies executive functioning and prefrontal functional connectivity in women with anorexia nervosa
| Autor: | Francesco Di Salle, Elena Tenconi, Francesca Titton, Renzo Manara, Paolo Santonastaso, Maurizio Clementi, Daniela Degortes, Romina Bosello, Angela Favaro, Monica Forzan, Alice Bruson |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty Anorexia Nervosa Genotype Perseveration Prefrontal Cortex Neuropsychological Tests Catechol O-Methyltransferase Polymorphism Single Nucleotide behavioral disciplines and activities Executive Function Functional neuroimaging Dopamine mental disorders medicine Humans Pharmacology (medical) Psychiatry Prefrontal cortex Biological Psychiatry Catechol-O-methyl transferase Functional Neuroimaging Body Weight Cognition Research Papers Psychiatry and Mental health Cross-Sectional Studies Anorexia nervosa (differential diagnoses) Case-Control Studies Female medicine.symptom Psychology Neuroscience Psychomotor Performance medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience. 38:241-248 |
| ISSN: | 1180-4882 |
| DOI: | 10.1503/jpn.120068 |
| Popis: | Anorexia nervosa is characterized by high levels of perseveration and inflexibility, which interfere with successful treatments. Dopamine (DA) signalling seems to play a key role in modulating the prefrontal cortex, since both DA deficiency and excess nega tively influence the efficiency of cognitive functions. The present study explores the effect of a functional polymorphism (Val158Met) in the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene on the set-shifting abilities and prefrontal functional connectivity of patients with anorexia nervosa.All participants performed the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task, and a subsample underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.We included 166 patients with DSM-IV lifetime anorexia nervosa and 140 healthy women in our study. Both underweight and weight-recovered patients with anorexia nervosa showed high levels of perseveration, but only in the underweight group did the Val158Met polymorphism affect cognitive performance, showing the U-shaped curve characteristic of increased DA signalling in the prefrontal cortex. Underweight patients with anorexia nervosa who are Met homozygotes had significantly higher levels of perseveration and increased prefrontal functional connectivity than underweight patients in the other genotype groups, indicating abnormal regional cortical processing.Although our data show that grey matter reduction in starving patients with anorexia nervosa did not explain our findings, the cross-sectional design of the present study did not allow us to distinguish between the effects of starvation and those of low estrogen levels.Starvation affects DA release in the prefrontal cortex of patients with anorexia nervosa with different effects on executive functioning and prefrontal functional connectivity according to the COMT genotype. This observation has several therapeutic implications that need to be addressed by future studies. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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