Hypothetical Pneumocystis jirovecii transmission from immunocompetent carriers to infant
| Autor: | Philippe Hauser, Laura Rivero, Meja Rabodonirina, Carmen de la Horra, Gilles Nevez, Marco A. Montes-Cano, Nieves Respaldiza, Vicente Friaza, Rubén Morilla, Sonia Gutiérrez, José M. Varela, Francisco J. Medrano, Enrique J. Calderón |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne university hospital, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Université de Brest (UBO) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Microbiology (medical)
Epidemiology letter lcsh:Medicine Biology Pneumocystis pneumonia Airborne transmission lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases MESH: Genotype 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine MESH: Pneumocystis jirovecii genotypes [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases parasitic diseases Genotype medicine Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia lcsh:RC109-216 030212 general & internal medicine Typing Genotyping [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology 0303 health sciences MESH: Humans 030306 microbiology lcsh:R molecular typing transmission MESH: Adult biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Virology MESH: Infant 3. Good health MESH: Immunocompetence Infectious Diseases Pneumocystis carinii Dihydropteroate synthase MESH: Carrier State Adult Carrier State/immunology Carrier State/microbiology Humans Immunocompetence Infant Pneumocystis jirovecii/classification Pneumocystis jirovecii/genetics Pneumonia Pneumocystis/immunology Pneumonia Pneumocystis/microbiology MESH: Pneumonia Pneumocystis |
| Zdroj: | Emerging Infectious Diseases, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 506-507; author reply 507 Emerging Infectious Diseases Emerging Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2009, 15 (3), pp.506-507. ⟨10.3201/eid1503.081350⟩ Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 3, Pp 506-508 (2009) |
| ISSN: | 1080-6040 1080-6059 |
| DOI: | 10.3201/eid1503.081350⟩ |
| Popis: | We appreciate the comments from Hauser and colleagues (1) regarding our article that reported a case of Pneumocystis jirovecii transmission from colonized grandparents to their infant granddaughter (2). We agree with the authors that the 2 markers used for typing, which are described in our article, present a small number of alleles and thus provide low discrimination between isolates. However, these typing methods have been validated and have proven useful for molecular epidemiologic applications in P. jirovecii colonization studies (3,4). Unfortunately, other typing methods that can identify a high number of alleles, such as the sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer no. 1 and 2 gene regions, could not be used in our study because a low amplification rate has been observed for these regions when such methods are used to study colonized subjects (5). On the other hand, the multitarget single-strand conformation polymorphism method has been used only in patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia, and its usefulness for epidemiologic studies in colonized subjects has not been proven (6). For our study, we think that genotyping analysis of the mtLSU rRNA gene together with the dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) gene provided sufficient epidemiologic information because this strategy allows identification of 24 different combinations of genotypes. However, no typing method is able to demonstrate interhuman P. jirovecii transmission conclusively because a common environmental source of infection cannot be ruled out in any case. Therefore, as we noted in our article, “We cannot exclude the possibility that the cases described were infected by the same environmental source,” and we only hypothesized that “the infant was infected by P. jirovecii through close contact with her grandparents.” However, we continue to think that the airborne transmission of P. jirovecii from the grandfather to the grandmother and the infant is the most probable explanation based on genotype data. Also, all persons in close contact with the infant were studied, and only her grandparents were colonized by P. jirovecii. Future research is needed to assess the importance of colonized subjects in the P. jirovecii transmission to susceptible hosts. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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