Health impact assessment of active transportation: a systematic review

Autor: Tom Cole-Hunter, David Rojas-Rueda, Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen, Natalie Mueller, Audrey de Nazelle, Luc Int Panis, Thomas Götschi, Evi Dons, Regine Gerike, Sonja Kahlmeier
Přispěvatelé: University of Zurich, Mueller, Natalie
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2015
Předmět:
Male
Epidemiology
Poison control
Transportation
Walking
Occupational safety and health
CAR TRIPS
Medicine
Active transportation
Public
Environmental & Occupational Health
1106 Human Movement And Sports Science
Traffic incident
Health impact assessment
Human factors and ergonomics
UK ICONNECT
1117 Public Health And Health Services
Female
Public Health
Risk assessment
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
PUBLIC TRANSPORT
medicine.medical_specialty
Mode shift
MEDLINE
Air pollution
Context (language use)
610 Medicine & health
MODAL SHIFT
Risk Assessment
Medicine
General & Internal
Environmental health
General & Internal Medicine
BENEFITS
Humans
ROAD SAFETY
Exercise
Science & Technology
business.industry
Physical activity
Public health
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
TOTAL PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY
AIR-POLLUTION
1302 Curriculum And Pedagogy
10060 Epidemiology
Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI)
2739 Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
GLOBAL BURDEN
Bicycling
TRAVEL MODE
business
2713 Epidemiology
DOI: 10.5167/uzh-110636
Popis: Objective Walking and cycling for transportation (i.e. active transportation, AT), provide substantial health benefits from increased physical activity (PA). However, risks of injury from exposure to motorized traffic and their emissions (i.e. air pollution) exist. The objective was to systematically review studies conducting health impact assessment (HIA) of a mode shift to AT on grounds of associated health benefits and risks. Methods Systematic database searches of MEDLINE, Web of Science and Transportation Research International Documentation were performed by two independent researchers, augmented by bibliographic review, internet searches and expert consultation to identify peer-reviewed studies from inception to December 2014. Results Thirty studies were included, originating predominantly from Europe, but also the United States, Australia and New Zealand. They compromised of mostly HIA approaches of comparative risk assessment and cost–benefit analysis. Estimated health benefit–risk or benefit–cost ratios of a mode shift to AT ranged between −2 and 360 (median=9). Effects of increased PA contributed the most to estimated health benefits, which strongly outweighed detrimental effects of traffic incidents and air pollution exposure on health. Conclusion Despite different HIA methodologies being applied with distinctive assumptions on key parameters, AT can provide substantial net health benefits, irrespective of geographical context.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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