Myofibroblast secretome and its auto-/paracrine signaling
| Autor: | Mark Heckle, Ritin Bomb, Karl T. Weber, Salvatore Mancarella, Yao Sun, Ivan C. Gerling, Ramareddy V. Guntaka |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Pathology medicine.medical_specialty Paracrine Communication 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology Protein degradation Article 03 medical and health sciences Paracrine signalling 0302 clinical medicine Fibrosis Internal Medicine medicine Humans Autocrine signalling Myofibroblasts Wound Healing business.industry Angiotensin II General Medicine Fibroblasts medicine.disease Cell biology 030104 developmental biology Collagen Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Wound healing business Myofibroblast |
| Popis: | Myofibroblasts (myoFb) are phenotypically transformed, contractile fibroblast-like cells expressing α-smooth muscle actin microfilaments. They are integral to collagen fibrillogenesis with scar tissue formation at sites of repair irrespective of the etiologic origins of injury or tissue involved. MyoFb can persist long after healing is complete, where their ongoing turnover of collagen accounts for a progressive structural remodeling of an organ (a.k.a. fibrosis, sclerosis or cirrhosis). Such persistent metabolic activity is derived from a secretome consisting of requisite components in the de novo generation of angiotensin (Ang) II. Autocrine and paracrine signaling induced by tissue AngII is expressed via AT1 receptor ligand binding to respectively promote: i) regulation of myoFb collagen synthesis via the fibrogenic cytokine TGF-β1-Smad pathway; and ii) dedifferentiation and protein degradation of atrophic myocytes immobilized and ensnared by fibrillar collagen at sites of scarring. Several cardioprotective strategies in the prevention of fibrosis and involving myofibroblasts are considered. They include: inducing myoFb apoptosis through inactivation of antiapoptotic proteins; AT1 receptor antagonist to interfere with auto-/paracrine myoFb signaling or to induce counterregulatory expression of ACE2; and attacking the AngII-AT1R-TGF-β1-Smad pathway by antibody or the use of triplex-forming oligonucleotides. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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