Neuroimaging Findings in Adolescents and Young Adults with Anorexia Nervosa: A Systematic Review
| Autor: | Kalliopi Kappou, Flora Bacopoulou, Fragiskos Gonidakis, Elpis Vlachopapadopoulou, Myrto Ntougia, Stefanos Michalacos, Theodora Psaltopoulou, Aikaterini Kourtesi, G. Mastorakos, Eleni Panagouli, Artemis Tsitsika, Theodoros N. Sergentanis, Maria Tsolia |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Temporal cortex
neuroimaging business.industry Superior longitudinal fasciculus lcsh:RJ1-570 lcsh:Pediatrics Review Grey matter diffusion tensor imaging magnetic resonance spectroscopy anorexia nervosa single photon emission computed tomography White matter Functional imaging medicine.anatomical_structure Neuroimaging Anorexia nervosa (differential diagnoses) Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health medicine magnetic resonance imaging business Default mode network Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | Children Children, Vol 8, Iss 137, p 137 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2227-9067 |
| Popis: | Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious, multifactorial mental disorder affecting predominantly young females. This systematic review examines neuroimaging findings in adolescents and young adults up to 24 years old, in order to explore alterations associated with disease pathophysiology. Methods: Eligible studies on structural and functional brain neuroimaging were sought systematically in PubMed, CENTRAL and EMBASE databases up to 5 October 2020. Results: Thirty-three studies were included, investigating a total of 587 patients with a current diagnosis of AN and 663 healthy controls (HC). Global and regional grey matter (GM) volume reduction as well as white matter (WM) microstructure alterations were detected. The mainly affected regions were the prefrontal, parietal and temporal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, insula, thalamus and cerebellum as well as various WM tracts such as corona radiata and superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF). Regarding functional imaging, alterations were pointed out in large-scale brain networks, such as default mode network (DMN), executive control network (ECN) and salience network (SN). Most findings appear to reverse after weight restoration. Specific limitations of neuroimaging studies in still developing individuals are also discussed. Conclusions: Structural and functional alterations are present in the early course of the disease, most of them being partially or totally reversible. Nonetheless, neuroimaging findings have been open to many biological interpretations. Thus, more studies are needed to clarify their clinical significance. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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