A Novel cis -Acting Element Facilitates Minus-Strand DNA Synthesis during Reverse Transcription of the Hepatitis B Virus Genome
| Autor: | Wang-Shick Ryu, Myeong Kyun Shin, Jehan Lee |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2004 |
| Předmět: |
DNA Replication
Gene Expression Regulation Viral Hepatitis B virus Transcription Genetic Base pair Immunology Mutant Replication Genome Viral Biology Microbiology Genome chemistry.chemical_compound Cell Line Tumor Virology Humans Nucleotide chemistry.chemical_classification DNA synthesis RNA Molecular biology Reverse transcriptase Enhancer Elements Genetic chemistry Insect Science DNA Viral Gene Deletion DNA Plasmids |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Virology. 78:6252-6262 |
| ISSN: | 1098-5514 0022-538X |
| DOI: | 10.1128/jvi.78.12.6252-6262.2004 |
| Popis: | Hepadnaviruses replicate through reverse transcription of an RNA pregenome, resulting in a relaxed circular DNA genome. The first 3 or 4 nucleotides (nt) of minus-strand DNA are synthesized by the use of a bulge in a stem-loop structure near the 5′ end of the pregenome as a template. This primer is then transferred to a complementary UUCA motif, termed an acceptor, within DR1* near the 3′ end of the viral pregenome via 4-nt homology, and it resumes minus-strand DNA synthesis: this process is termed minus-strand transfer or primer translocation. Aside from the sequence identity of the donor and acceptor, little is known about the sequence elements contributing to minus-strand transfer. Here we report a novel cis -acting element, termed the β5 region (28 nt in length), located 20 nt upstream of DR1*, that facilitates minus-strand DNA synthesis. The deletion or inversion of the sequence including the β5 region diminished minus-strand DNA synthesis initiated at DR1*. Furthermore, the insertion of the β5 region into its own position in a mutant in which the sequences including the β5 region were replaced restored minus-strand DNA synthesis at DR1*. We speculate that the β5 region facilitates minus-strand transfer, possibly by bringing the acceptor site in proximity to the donor site via base pairing or by interacting with protein factors involved in this process. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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