Brown and beige fat: From molecules to physiology and pathophysiology
Autor: | Antonio Vidal-Puig, Anne-Claire Guénantin, Stefania Carobbio, Myriam Bahri, Isabella Samuelson |
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Přispěvatelé: | Samuelson, Isabella [0000-0001-8395-3090], Vidal-Puig, Antonio [0000-0003-4220-9577], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository |
Rok vydání: | 2017 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Metabolic disease models Adipose tissue Biology 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Pluripotent stem cells Adipokines Adipose Tissue Brown Brown adipose tissue medicine Adipocytes Animals Humans Obesity Progenitor cell Induced pluripotent stem cell Molecular Biology Thermogenesis Cell Biology Adipose Tissue Beige Pathophysiology Thermogenic adipocytes Cell biology 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Metabolic complication Heat generation Thermogenic activators 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
Zdroj: | Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids |
ISSN: | 1879-2618 |
Popis: | The adipose organ portrays adipocytes of diverse tones: white, brown and beige, each type with distinct functions. Adipocytes orchestrate their adaptation and expansion to provide storage to excess nutrients, the quick mobilisation of fuel to supply peripheral functional demands, insulation, and, in their thermogenic form, heat generation to maintain core body temperature. Thermogenic adipocytes could be targets for anti-obesity and anti-diabetic therapeutic approaches aiming to restore adipose tissue functionality and increase energy dissipation. However, for thermogenic adipose tissue to become therapeutically relevant, a better understanding of its development and origins, its progenitors and their characteristics and the composition of its niche, is essential. Also crucial is the identification of stimuli and molecules promoting its specific differentiation and activation. Here we highlight the structural/cellular differences between human and rodent brown adipose tissue and discuss how obesity and metabolic complication affects brown and beige cells as well as how they could be targeted to improve their activation and improve global metabolic homeostasis. Finally, we describe the limitations of current research models and the advantages of new emerging approaches. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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