Highly Selective H2S Gas Sensor Based on Ti3C2Tx MXene–Organic Composites

Autor: Seyed Hossein Hosseini-Shokouh, Jin Zhou, Ethan Berger, Zhong-Peng Lv, Xiaodan Hong, Vesa Virtanen, Krisztian Kordas, Hannu-Pekka Komsa
Přispěvatelé: University of Oulu, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
Zdroj: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. 15:7063-7073
ISSN: 1944-8252
1944-8244
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c19883
Popis: Funding Information: This work was financially supported in part by the University of Oulu (projects: Entity, ROAR, and Memristors and neuromorphic sensors from vertically aligned layered materials). We acknowledge funding from the EU Erasmus + programme (project: TACMEE), and the Academy of Finland (Center of Excellence Program in Life-inspired Hybrid Materials (LIBER), and projects: 311058, 325185, and 330214). We thank the personnel of the Centre for Material Analysis at the University of Oulu for providing us with technical assistance. We also thank CSC Finland for the generous grants of computer time. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society. Cost-effective and high-performance H2S sensors are required for human health and environmental monitoring. 2D transition-metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) are appealing candidates for gas sensing due to good conductivity and abundant surface functional groups but have been studied primarily for detecting NH3 and VOCs, with generally positive responses that are not highly selective to the target gases. Here, we report on a negative response of pristine Ti3C2Tx thin films for H2S gas sensing (in contrast to the other tested gases) and further optimization of the sensor performance using a composite of Ti3C2Tx flakes and conjugated polymers (poly[3,6-diamino-10-methylacridinium chloride-co-3,6-diaminoacridine-squaraine], PDS-Cl) with polar charged nitrogen. The composite, preserving the high selectivity of pristine Ti3C2Tx, exhibits an H2S sensing response of 2% at 5 ppm (a thirtyfold sensing enhancement) and a low limit of detection of 500 ppb. In addition, our density functional theory calculations indicate that the mixture of MXene surface functional groups needs to be taken into account to describe the sensing mechanism and the selectivity of the sensor in agreement with the experimental results. Thus, this report extends the application range of MXene-based composites to H2S sensors and deepens the understanding of their gas sensing mechanisms.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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