Managing Traffic Flows for Cleaner Cities: The Role of Green Navigation Systems
| Autor: | Cristina Valdes, Andres Monzon, Fiamma Perez-Prada |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Control and Optimization
Geographic information system green navigation 020209 energy air pollution Population Air pollution Energy Engineering and Power Technology Climate change eco-routing traffic emissions climate change co-benefits trade-offs ICT CO2 NOx 02 engineering and technology medicine.disease_cause lcsh:Technology 7. Clean energy Traffic intensity 11. Sustainability 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering medicine Electrical and Electronic Engineering education Engineering (miscellaneous) education.field_of_study lcsh:T Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment business.industry Downtown Environmental engineering Transporte Medio Ambiente 13. Climate action Fuel efficiency Environmental science business Energy (miscellaneous) |
| Zdroj: | Energies; Volume 10; Issue 6; Pages: 791 Energies, ISSN 1996-1073, 2017-06, Vol. 10, No. 6 Archivo Digital UPM instname Energies, Vol 10, Iss 6, p 791 (2017) |
| ISSN: | 1996-1073 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/en10060791 |
| Popis: | Cities worldwide suffer from serious air pollution problems and are main contributors to climate change. Green Navigation systems have a great potential to reduce fuel consumption and exhaust emissions from traffic. This research evaluates the impacts of different percentages of green drivers on traffic, CO2, and NOx over the entire Madrid Region. A macroscopic traffic model was combined with an enhanced macroscopic emissions model and a GIS (Geographic Information Systems) to simulate emissions on the basis of average vehicle speeds and traffic intensity at the link level. NOx emissions are evaluated, taking into account not only the exhaust emissions produced by transport activity, but also the amount of the population exposed to these air pollutants. Results show up to 10.4% CO2 and 13.8% NOx reductions in congested traffic conditions for a 90% penetration of green drivers; however, the population’s exposure to NOx increases up to 20.2%. Moreover, while traffic volumes decrease by 13.5% for the entire region, they increase by up to 16.4% downtown. Travel times also increase by 28.7%. Since green drivers tend to choose shorter routes through downtown areas, eco-routing systems are an effective tool for fighting climate change, but are ineffective to reduce air pollution in dense urban areas. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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