Neural reference groups: a synchrony-based classification approach for predicting attitudes using fNIRS
| Autor: | Grace S R Gillespie, Ian McCulloh, Emily B. Falk, Daniel L Ames, Matthew D. Lieberman, Shannon M. Burns, Munqith Dagher, Macrina C. Dieffenbach |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Cognitive Neuroscience AcademicSubjects/SCI01880 Emotions intersubject correlation Prefrontal Cortex Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Neuroimaging Original Manuscript fNIRS 050105 experimental psychology 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Social neuroscience medicine Near-Infrared Psychology Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences dmPFC Group level Spectroscopy neural synchrony Spectroscopy Near-Infrared medicine.diagnostic_test 05 social sciences Neurosciences Brain Experimental Psychology General Medicine Dorsomedial prefrontal cortex Viewpoints Individual level Attitude neural reference groups Classification methods Cognitive Sciences Functional magnetic resonance imaging 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Cognitive psychology |
| Zdroj: | Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Social cognitive and affective neuroscience, vol 16, iss 1-2 |
| ISSN: | 1749-5024 |
| Popis: | Social neuroscience research has demonstrated that those who are like-minded are also ‘like-brained.’ Studies have shown that people who share similar viewpoints have greater neural synchrony with one another, and less synchrony with people who ‘see things differently.’ Although these effects have been demonstrated at the ‘group level,’ little work has been done to predict the viewpoints of specific ‘individuals’ using neural synchrony measures. Furthermore, the studies that have made predictions using synchrony-based classification at the individual level used expensive and immobile neuroimaging equipment (e.g. functional magnetic resonance imaging) in highly controlled laboratory settings, which may not generalize to real-world contexts. Thus, this study uses a simple synchrony-based classification method, which we refer to as the ‘neural reference groups’ approach, to predict individuals’ dispositional attitudes from data collected in a mobile ‘pop-up neuroscience’ lab. Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy data, we predicted individuals’ partisan stances on a sociopolitical issue by comparing their neural timecourses to data from two partisan neural reference groups. We found that partisan stance could be identified at above-chance levels using data from dorsomedial prefrontal cortex. These results indicate that the neural reference groups approach can be used to investigate naturally occurring, dispositional differences anywhere in the world. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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