Therapeutic promise of engineered nonsense suppressor tRNAs
| Autor: | Christina S. Heil, Joseph J. Porter, John D. Lueck |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
endocrine system diseases
media_common.quotation_subject Nonsense Nonsense mutation Overview nonsense mutation premature termination codon mutations TRNA processing translation Computational biology Biology Biochemistry law.invention 03 medical and health sciences RNA Transfer law Translational regulation Animals Molecular Biology 030304 developmental biology media_common 0303 health sciences Translation Regulation nonsense suppression therapy Mechanism (biology) 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology Translation (biology) Nonsense suppressor Codon Nonsense readthrough Mutation gene expression Suppressor tRNA Processing nonsense suppressor tRNA |
| Zdroj: | Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. RNA |
| ISSN: | 1757-7012 1757-7004 |
| Popis: | Nonsense mutations change an amino acid codon to a premature termination codon (PTC) generally through a single‐nucleotide substitution. The generation of a PTC results in a defective truncated protein and often in severe forms of disease. Because of the exceedingly high prevalence of nonsense‐associated diseases and a unifying mechanism, there has been a concerted effort to identify PTC therapeutics. Most clinical trials for PTC therapeutics have been conducted with small molecules that promote PTC read through and incorporation of a near‐cognate amino acid. However, there is a need for PTC suppression agents that recode PTCs with the correct amino acid while being applicable to PTC mutations in many different genomic landscapes. With these characteristics, a single therapeutic will be able to treat several disease‐causing PTCs. In this review, we will focus on the use of nonsense suppression technologies, in particular, suppressor tRNAs (sup‐tRNAs), as possible therapeutics for correcting PTCs. Sup‐tRNAs have many attractive qualities as possible therapeutic agents although there are knowledge gaps on their function in mammalian cells and technical hurdles that need to be overcome before their promise is realized. This article is categorized under:RNA Processing > tRNA ProcessingTranslation > Translation Regulation Nonsense suppressor tRNAs display promise as therapeutic agents for suppressing premature termination codons, and alleviating disease through seamless rescue of full‐length protein and stabilized mRNA. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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