Phylogenetic relationships among the clownfish-hosting sea anemones
| Autor: | Benjamin M. Titus, James Davis Reimer, Charlotte Benedict, Michael L. Berumen, Luciana C. Gusmão, Marymegan Daly, Aaron Bartholomew, Robert Laroche, Kensuke Yanagi, Vanessa Van Deusen, Takuma Fujii, Christopher P. Meyer, Estefanía Rodríguez, Tommaso Chiodo |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
0106 biological sciences Species complex Sea anemone 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences DNA Mitochondrial Models Biological Coral Triangle 03 medical and health sciences Monophyly Genetics Animals 14. Life underwater Symbiosis Molecular Biology Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Phylogeny 030304 developmental biology Mutualism (biology) 0303 health sciences biology Phylogenetic tree Anemone biology.organism_classification Anthozoa Stichodactylidae Biological Evolution 030104 developmental biology Sea Anemones Evolutionary biology |
| Zdroj: | Molecular phylogenetics and evolution. 139 |
| ISSN: | 1095-9513 |
| Popis: | The clownfish-sea anemone symbiosis has been a model system for understanding fundamental evolutionary and ecological processes. However, our evolutionary understanding of this symbiosis comes entirely from studies of clownfishes. A holistic understanding of a model mutualism requires systematic, biogeographic, and phylogenetic insight into both partners. Here, we conduct the largest phylogenetic analysis of sea anemones (Order Actiniaria) to date, with a focus on expanding the biogeographic and taxonomic sampling of the 10 nominal clownfish-hosting species. Using a combination of mtDNA and nuDNA loci we test 1) the monophyly of each clownfish-hosting family and genus, 2) the current anemone taxonomy that suggests symbioses with clownfishes evolved multiple times within Actiniaria, and 3) whether, like the clownfishes, there is evidence that host anemones have a Coral Triangle biogeographic origin. Our phylogenetic reconstruction demonstrates widespread poly-and para-phyly at the family and genus level, particularly within the family Stichodactylidae and genus Sticodactyla, and suggests that symbioses with clownfishes evolved minimally three times within sea anemones. We further recover evidence for a Tethyan biogeographic origin for some clades. Our data provide the first evidence that clownfish and some sea anemone hosts have different biogeographic origins, and that there may be cryptic species of host anemones. Finally, our findings reflect the need for a major taxonomic revision of the clownfish-hosting sea anemones. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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