Intensive Structured Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose and Glycemic Control in Noninsulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes
Autor: | Domenico Cucinotta, Antonio Ceriello, Emanuele Bosi, Francesco Giorgino, Erminio Bonizzoni, Marina Scavini, Raffaele Marino, Antonio Tiengo |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2013 |
Předmět: |
Advanced and Specialized Nursing
Research design medicine.medical_specialty business.industry Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Clinical Care/Education/Nutrition/Psychosocial Research Type 2 diabetes medicine.disease law.invention Surgery Clinical trial Postprandial Randomized controlled trial law Internal medicine Diabetes mellitus Internal Medicine medicine Self-monitoring business Glycemic Original Research |
Zdroj: | Diabetes Care |
ISSN: | 1935-5548 0149-5992 |
Popis: | OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the added value of intensive self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG), structured in timing and frequency, in noninsulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The 12-month, randomized, clinical trial enrolled 1,024 patients with noninsulin-treated type 2 diabetes (median baseline HbA1c, 7.3% [IQR, 6.9–7.8%]) at 39 diabetes clinics in Italy. After standardized education, 501 patients were randomized to intensive structured monitoring (ISM) with 4-point glycemic profiles (fasting, preprandial, 2-h postprandial, and postabsorptive measurements) performed 3 days/week; 523 patients were randomized to active control (AC) with 4-point glycemic profiles performed at baseline and at 6 and 12 months. Two primary end points were tested in hierarchical order: HbA1c change at 12 months and percentage of patients at risk target for low and high blood glucose index. RESULTS Intent-to-treat analysis showed greater HbA1c reductions over 12 months in ISM (−0.39%) than in AC patients (−0.27%), with a between-group difference of −0.12% (95% CI, −0.210 to −0.024; P = 0.013). In the per-protocol analysis, the between-group difference was −0.21% (−0.331 to −0.089; P = 0.0007). More ISM than AC patients achieved clinically meaningful reductions in HbA1c (>0.3, >0.4, or >0.5%) at study end (P < 0.025). The proportion of patients reaching/maintaining the risk target at month 12 was similar in ISM (74.6%) and AC (70.1%) patients (P = 0.131). At visits 2, 3, and 4, diabetes medications were changed more often in ISM than in AC patients (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Use of structured SMBG improves glycemic control and provides guidance in prescribing diabetes medications in patients with relatively well-controlled noninsulin-treated type 2 diabetes. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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