The Effect of Isolated and Synthetic Dietary Fibers on Markers of Metabolic Diseases in Human Intervention Studies: A Systematic Review
| Autor: | Edward C. Deehan, Julia V Thöne, Sarah J. Hewko, Anissa M. Armet, Jens Walter |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Blood Glucose
Dietary Fiber 030309 nutrition & dietetics medicine.medical_treatment Medicine (miscellaneous) Physiology Pilot Projects 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Review Systemic inflammation Placebo Placebos 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Insulin resistance Metabolic Diseases medicine Humans Insulin Intervention Duration Clinical Trials as Topic 0303 health sciences Nutrition and Dietetics biology business.industry Cholesterol C-reactive protein medicine.disease Lipids 3. Good health C-Reactive Protein chemistry Dietary Supplements biology.protein Insulin Resistance medicine.symptom business Biomarkers Dyslipidemia Food Science |
| Zdroj: | Adv Nutr |
| ISSN: | 2161-8313 |
| Popis: | Observational studies provide strong evidence for the health benefits of dietary fiber (DF) intake; however, human intervention studies that supplement isolated and synthetic DFs have shown inconsistent results. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review to summarize the effects of DF supplementation on immunometabolic disease markers in intervention studies in healthy adults, and considered the role of DF dose, DF physicochemical properties, intervention duration, and the placebo used. Five databases were searched for studies published from 1990 to 2018 that assessed the effect of DF on immunometabolic markers. Eligible studies were those that supplemented isolated or synthetic DFs for ≥2 wk and reported baseline data to assess the effect of the placebo. In total, 77 publications were included. DF supplementation reduced total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol, HOMA-IR, and insulin AUC in 36–49% of interventions. In contrast, 50%), and longer intervention durations for CRP and glucose (50%). Half of the placebo-controlled studies used digestible carbohydrates as the placebo, which confounded findings for IL-6, glucose AUC, and insulin AUC. In conclusion, interventions with isolated and synthetic DFs resulted mainly in improved cholesterol concentrations and an attenuation of insulin resistance, whereas markers of dysglycemia and inflammation were largely unaffected. Although more research is needed to make reliable recommendations, a more targeted supplementation of DF with specific physicochemical properties at higher doses and for longer durations shows promise in enhancing several of its health effects. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|