Extended genotypic evaluation and comparison of twenty-two cases of lethal EEHV1 hemorrhagic disease in wild and captive Asian elephants in India
| Autor: | P. K. Sajesh, Jianchao Zong, M. Jishnu, Simon Y. Long, C. Bathrachalam, Anil Zachariah, Jeganathan Pandiyan, R. S. Kobragade, Sarah Y. Heaggans, Erin Latimer, Sam Santhosh, Gary S. Hayward, M. Megha |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Genotyping Techniques Elephants lcsh:Medicine Artificial Gene Amplification and Extension Polymerase Chain Reaction law.invention Geographical Locations 0403 veterinary science Database and Informatics Methods Elephas law Genotype lcsh:Science Herpesviridae Polymerase chain reaction Data Management Mammals Genetics Multidisciplinary Eukaryota Phylogenetic Analysis Herpesviridae Infections 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Phylogenetics Vertebrates Sequence Analysis Research Article Computer and Information Sciences Asia Bioinformatics 040301 veterinary sciences Nucleotide Sequencing India Genomics Biology Research and Analysis Methods Hemorrhagic Disorders DNA sequencing 03 medical and health sciences Animals Evolutionary Systematics Molecular Biology Techniques Sequencing Techniques Molecular Biology Gene DNA sequence analysis Taxonomy Evolutionary Biology lcsh:R Organisms Biology and Life Sciences biology.organism_classification Genetic divergence 030104 developmental biology Genetic Loci Amniotes People and Places DNA Viral Herd lcsh:Q Sequence Alignment |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE, Vol 13, Iss 8, p e0202438 (2018) PLoS ONE |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0202438 |
| Popis: | Thirteen new lethal cases of acute hemorrhagic disease (HD) with typical histopathogical features were identified in young Asian elephants (Elephas maximus indicus) in India between 2013 and 2017. Eight occurred amongst free-ranging wild herds, with three more in camp-raised orphans and two in captive-born calves. All were confirmed to have high levels of Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesvirus type 1A (EEHV1A) DNA detected within gross pathological lesions from necropsy tissue by multi-locus PCR DNA sequencing. The strains involved were all significantly different from one another and from nine previously described cases from Southern India (which included one example of EEHV1B). Overall, eight selected dispersed PCR loci totaling up to 6.1-kb in size were analyzed for most of the 22 cases, with extensive subtype clustering data being obtained at four hypervariable gene loci. In addition to the previously identified U48(gH-TK) and U51(vGPCR1) gene loci, these included two newly identified E5(vGPCR5) and E54(vOX2-1) loci mapping far outside of the classic EEHV1A versus EEHV1B subtype chimeric domains and towards the novel end segments of the genome that had not been evaluated previously. The high levels of genetic divergence and mosaic scrambling observed between adjacent loci match closely to the overall range of divergence found within 45 analyzed North American and European cases, but include some common relatively unique polymorphic features and preferred subtypes that appear to distinguish most but not all Indian strains from both those in Thailand and those outside range countries. Furthermore, more than half of the Indian cases studied here involved calves living within wild herds, whereas nearly all other cases identified in Asia so far represent rescued camp orphans or captive-born calves. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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