Functionalization of MWCNT by –SO3H and –COOH Groups and Their Application as Solid Acidic Catalysts for Esterification of Waste Chicken Fat
| Autor: | Siavash Afrashteh, M. lotfinezhad, A. Shokuhi Rad, Etesam Ganjian, H. Reza Ghorbani |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
waste chicken fat
biodiesel MWCNT-SO3H MWCNT-COOH esterification transesterification Biodiesel Chemistry Process Chemistry and Technology 010401 analytical chemistry lcsh:TP155-156 General Chemistry Transesterification 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Biochemistry 0104 chemical sciences Catalysis Chicken fat Surface modification Organic chemistry lcsh:Chemical engineering 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Quarterly Volume 31 Issue 1 Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Quarterly, Vol 31, Iss 1, Pp 69-75 (2017) |
| ISSN: | 1846-5153 0352-9568 |
| DOI: | 10.15255/cabeq.2016.818 |
| Popis: | In the present research, the esterification of waste chicken fat (WCF) by two different homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts has been studied. Sulfonate and carboxylate functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-SO3H, MWCNT-COOH) were applied as useful heterogeneous acidic catalysts during esterification of WCF. According to the experimental results, sulfonate-modified MWCNT showed more effective catalytic activity than did carboxylate-modified MWCNT. It was found that free fatty acid (FFA) of WCF in the single stage esterification of WCF had decreased down to less than 1 % in the presence of 25 % MWCNT-SO3H catalyst (according to the amount of FFA), reactor temperature of 90 °C with contact time of 3 h, and methanol/FFA molar ratio of 30:1. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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