Amazonian scorpions and scorpionism: integrating toxinological, clinical, and phylogenetic data to combat a human health crisis in the world’s most diverse rainfores
| Autor: | Matthew R. Graham, Denise Maria Cândido, Adolfo Borges, Pedro Pereira de Oliveira Pardal |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Range (biology)
Amazonian RC955-962 Scorpion Venom Review Toxicology complex mixtures Amazonia Genus Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RA1190-1270 biology.animal parasitic diseases Envenomation biology Phylogenetic tree Amazon rainforest Scorpionism Scorpion antivenom Tityus Infectious Diseases QL1-991 Evolutionary biology Toxicology. Poisons Animal Science and Zoology Parasitology Zoology |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases, Volume: 27, Article number: e20210028, Published: 29 NOV 2021 Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases, Vol 27 (2021) Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases v.27 2021 The Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
| ISSN: | 1678-9199 |
| Popis: | Venom from Amazonian scorpions of the genus Tityus contains components capable of eliciting a distinct clinical, mostly neurological, syndrome. This contrasts with the mainly autonomic manifestations produced after envenomation by congeneric southern and northern South American species. Herein, we summarize Pan-Amazonian scorpionism by synthesizing available toxinological, clinical, and molecular data gathered from all affected areas in Amazonia, including Brazil, Ecuador, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela, and French Guiana. We searched multiple databases, as well as our own records, for reports of scorpion envenomations in Amazonia by confirmed Tityus spp., and compared the clinical manifestations. To help uncover clinical and venom relationships among problematic species, we explored phylogenetic relationships with a rate-calibrated analysis of mitochondrial COI data from available species. The possible existence of diversity gradients for venom toxic and immunogenic components despite the predicted strong phylogenetic association among species is underscored by discussed clinical and toxinological findings. A multicentric effort, involving all nations affected by this neglected disease, is urgently needed to offer alternatives for treating and understanding this pathology, including the preparation of neutralizing antibodies with a broad range of efficacy. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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