High-Sensitivity Dual Electrochemical QCM for Reliable Three-Electrode Measurements
Autor: | Ivan Alic, Mohamed Awadein, Manuel Kasper, Georg Gramse, Andreas Ebner, David W. Toth, Ferry Kienberger, Doug Baney |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
Auxiliary electrode
Working electrode Materials science 020209 energy dual QCM 02 engineering and technology lcsh:Chemical technology Biochemistry Article Analytical Chemistry quartz crystal microbalance underpotential deposition 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Deposition (phase transition) lcsh:TP1-1185 Electrical and Electronic Engineering Instrumentation Electrical impedance business.industry Quartz crystal microbalance 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Underpotential deposition Atomic and Molecular Physics and Optics ECQCM electrochemistry Electrode Optoelectronics Cyclic voltammetry 0210 nano-technology business |
Zdroj: | Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Sensors Volume 21 Issue 8 Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 2592, p 2592 (2021) |
ISSN: | 1424-8220 |
Popis: | An electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EC-QCM) is a versatile gravimetric technique that allows for parallel characterization of mass deposition and electrochemical properties. Despite its broad applicability, simultaneous characterization of two electrodes remains challenging due to practical difficulties posed by the dampening from fixture parasitics and the dissipative medium. In this study, we present a dual electrochemical QCM (dual EC-QCM) that is employed in a three-electrode configuration to enable consequent monitoring of mass deposition and viscous loading on two crystals, the working electrode (WE) and the counter electrode (CE). A novel correction approach, along with a three standard complex impedance calibration, is employed to overcome the effect of dampening while keeping high spectral sensitivity. Separation of viscous loading and rigid mass deposition is achieved by robust characterization of the complex impedance at the resonance frequency. Validation of the presented system is done by cyclic voltammetry characterization of Ag underpotential deposition on gold. The results indicate mass deposition of 412.2 ng for the WE and 345.6 ng for the CE, reflecting a difference of the initially-present Ag adhered to the surface. We also performed higher harmonic measurements that further corroborate the sensitivity and reproducibility of the dual EC-QCM. The demonstrated approach is especially intriguing for electrochemical energy storage applications where mass detection with multiple electrodes is desired. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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