MicroRNAs in Valvular Heart Diseases: Biological Regulators, Prognostic Markers and Therapeutical Targets
| Autor: | Francesco Nappi, Adelaide Iervolino, Massimo Chello, Sanjeet Singh Avtaar Singh |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
QH301-705.5
Heart Valve Diseases Review Disease aortic valve defect Bioinformatics Catalysis Inorganic Chemistry Pathogenesis calcification vectors microRNA medicine Humans Mitral valve prolapse Molecular Targeted Therapy Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Biology (General) Molecular Biology Transcription factor QD1-999 Spectroscopy business.industry Organic Chemistry Calcinosis aortic stenosis General Medicine Prognosis medicine.disease Phenotype Computer Science Applications delivery systems MicroRNAs Chemistry medicine.anatomical_structure cardiology miRNAs valvular heart diseases cardiovascular system Mitral Valve nanoparticles Chordae tendineae business mitral valve prolapse Biomarkers Calcification |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 12132, p 12132 (2021) International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| ISSN: | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| Popis: | miRNAs have recently attracted investigators’ interest as regulators of valvular diseases pathogenesis, diagnostic biomarkers, and therapeutical targets. Evidence from in-vivo and in-vitro studies demonstrated stimulatory or inhibitory roles in mitral valve prolapse development, aortic leaflet fusion, and calcification pathways, specifically osteoblastic differentiation and transcription factors modulation. Tissue expression assessment and comparison between physiological and pathological phenotypes of different disease entities, including mitral valve prolapse and mitral chordae tendineae rupture, emerged as the best strategies to address miRNAs over or under-representation and thus, their impact on pathogeneses. In this review, we discuss the fundamental intra- and intercellular signals regulated by miRNAs leading to defects in mitral and aortic valves, congenital heart diseases, and the possible therapeutic strategies targeting them. These miRNAs inhibitors are comprised of antisense oligonucleotides and sponge vectors. The miRNA mimics, miRNA expression vectors, and small molecules are instead possible practical strategies to increase specific miRNA activity. Advantages and technical limitations of these new drugs, including instability and complex pharmacokinetics, are also presented. Novel delivery strategies, such as nanoparticles and liposomes, are described to improve knowledge on future personalized treatment directions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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