Changes in fitness are associated with changes in hippocampal microstructure and hippocampal volume among older adults

Autor: Gerd Kempermann, Nils Bodammer, John J. Prindle, Simone Kühn, Maike Kleemeyer, Sabine Schaefer, Ulman Lindenberger, Lars Brechtel, Alexander Garthe
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
Male
0301 basic medicine
Aging
Physical-Exercise
Physical fitness
physiology [Hippocampus]
Physiology
Hippocampal formation
Hippocampus
Brain mapping
Diffusion
methods [Brain Mapping]
pathology [Aging]
methods [Magnetic Resonance Imaging]
0302 clinical medicine
Brain Plasticity
Fitness
Individual-Differences
physiology [Neuronal Plasticity]
Hippocampus (mythology)
Hippocampal microstructure
skin and connective tissue diseases
Brain Mapping
Cell-Proliferation
Neuronal Plasticity
methods [Physical Conditioning
Human]
Organ Size
Middle Aged
Latent difference modeling
physiology [Aging]
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Growth Curve Models
Dynamics
Neurology
Female
Physical Conditioning
Human
Neurogenesis
Cognitive Neuroscience
physiology [Physical Fitness]
Physical exercise
Biology
03 medical and health sciences
physiology [Organ Size]
Neuroplasticity
Humans
ddc:610
Exercise
Aged
Sedentary lifestyle
business.industry
Modifiers
Hippocampal volume
030104 developmental biology
Physical Fitness
cytology [Hippocampus]
Dentate Gyrus
Exercise intensity
sense organs
Sedentary Behavior
business
physiology [Exercise]
Neuroscience
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Zdroj: NeuroImage 131, 155-161 (2016). doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.11.026
NeuroImage
ISSN: 1053-8119
Popis: This study investigates the effects of fitness changes on hippocampal microstructure and hippocampal volume. Fifty-two healthy participants aged 59-74 years with a sedentary lifestyle were randomly assigned to either of two levels of exercise intensity. Training lasted for six months. Physical fitness, hippocampal volumes, and hippocampal microstructure were measured before and after training. Hippocampal microstructure was assessed by mean diffusivity, which inversely reflects tissue density hence, mean diffusivity is lower for more densely packed tissue. Mean changes in fitness did not differ reliably across intensity levels of training, so data were collapsed across groups. Multivariate modeling of pretest-posttest differences using structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that individual differences in latent change were reliable for all three constructs. More positive changes in fitness were associated with more positive changes in tissue density (i.e., more negative changes in mean diffusivity), andmore positive changes in tissue density were associated with more positive changes in volume. We conclude that fitness-related changes in hippocampal volume may be brought about by changes in tissue density. The relative contributions of angiogenesis, gliogenesis, and/or neurogenesis to changes in tissue density remain to be identified. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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