In vitro activity of azithromycin, newer quinolones and cephalosporins in ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella causing enteric fever
| Autor: | Azra S Hasan, Pushpa Aggarwal, Monorama Deb, Malini R. Capoor, Deepti Rawat, Parukutty Pillai, Deepthi Nair |
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| Rok vydání: | 2007 |
| Předmět: |
Microbiology (medical)
Salmonella Cefotaxime Cefepime Microbial Sensitivity Tests Azithromycin Quinolones Biology medicine.disease_cause Microbiology Typhoid fever Drug Resistance Bacterial Paratyphoid Fever medicine Humans Typhoid Fever Etest General Medicine Salmonella typhi bacterial infections and mycoses medicine.disease Virology Gatifloxacin Anti-Bacterial Agents Cephalosporins Ciprofloxacin Salmonella paratyphi A Cefixime medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Medical Microbiology. 56:1490-1494 |
| ISSN: | 1473-5644 0022-2615 |
| DOI: | 10.1099/jmm.0.47353-0 |
| Popis: | The therapeutic alternatives available for use against ciprofloxacin-resistant enteric fever isolates in an endemic area are limited. The antibiotics currently available are the quinolones, third-generation cephalosporins and conventional first-line drugs. In this study, the MICs of various newer drugs were determined for 31 ciprofloxacin-resistant enteric fever isolates (26 Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and 5 S. enterica serovar Paratyphi A). MICs for ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, cefotaxime, cefixime, cefepime and azithromycin were determined using Etest strips and the agar dilution method. By Etest, all of the ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates had ciprofloxacin MICs ≥32 μg ml−1. S. Typhi showed MIC90 values of 0.50, 0.25 and 0.38 μg ml−1 for cefixime, cefotaxime and cefepime, respectively. For the cephalosporins, a negligible difference in MIC90 and MIC50 values for S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A was observed. A single isolate of S. Typhi showed a high azithromycin MIC of 64 μg ml−1. The MIC90 value for azithromycin in S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi was 24 μg ml−1. Gatifloxacin demonstrated lower resistance (80.8 %) compared with the other quinolones (92–100 %) in S. Typhi. The rise in MIC levels of these antimicrobials is a matter for serious concern. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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