Common characteristics and unique features: A comparison of the fusion machinery of the alphaherpesviruses Pseudorabies virus and Herpes simplex virus
| Autor: | Félix A. Rey, Thomas C. Mettenleiter, Melina Vallbracht, Barbara G. Klupp, Marija Backovic |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Institute of Molecular Virology and Cell Biology - Institut für molekulare Virologie und Zellbiologie [FLI, Germany] (IMVZ), Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Virologie Structurale - Structural Virology, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Grant Me 854/11-2) and from the French Government's Investissement d'Avenir program Laboratoire d'Excellence (LABEX) entitled 'Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases' (grant n°ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID)., Margaret Kielian, Thomas C. Mettenleiter, Marilyn J. Roossinck, We thank former and current members of the Klupp/Mettenleiter and Rey laboratories for their contributions to elucidate herpesvirus entry., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Prefusion gB
MESH: Virus Attachment viruses MESH: Cell Membrane/metabolism Membrane fusion Glycoproteins gD Biology Herpes simplex virus HSV medicine.disease_cause Herpesviridae Virus Virus entry 03 medical and health sciences MESH: Virus Internalization Viral envelope Pseudorabies virus PrV Viral entry medicine gB and gH/gL Alphaherpesvirus entry and fusion 030304 developmental biology Cell-to-cell spread 0303 health sciences In vitro fusion 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology Lipid bilayer fusion MESH: Viral Envelope Proteins/metabolism Fusion protein MESH: Glycoproteins/metabolism MESH: Herpesvirus 1 Suid/physiology Cell biology MESH: Herpesvirus 1 Human/physiology Herpes simplex virus MESH: Herpesvirus 2 Human/physiology [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology Host cell plasma membrane Core fusion machinery |
| Zdroj: | Virus Entry Margaret Kielian; Thomas C. Mettenleiter; Marilyn J. Roossinck. Virus Entry, 104, Elsevier, pp.225-281, 2019, 978-0-12-818394-6. ⟨10.1016/bs.aivir.2019.05.007⟩ |
| DOI: | 10.1016/bs.aivir.2019.05.007 |
| Popis: | International audience; Membrane fusion is a fundamental biological process that allows different cellular compartments delimited by a lipid membrane to release or exchange their respective contents. Similarly, enveloped viruses such as alphaherpesviruses exploit membrane fusion to enter and infect their host cells. For infectious entry the prototypic human Herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and -2, collectively termed HSVs) and the porcine Pseudorabies virus (PrV) utilize four different essential envelope glycoproteins (g): the bona fide fusion protein gB and the regulatory heterodimeric gH/gL complex that constitute the "core fusion machinery" conserved in all members of the Herpesviridae; and the subfamily specific receptor binding protein gD. These four components mediate attachment and fusion of the virion envelope with the host cell plasma membrane through a tightly regulated sequential activation process. Although PrV and the HSVs are closely related and employ the same set of glycoproteins for entry, they show remarkable differences in the requirements for fusion. Whereas the HSVs strictly require all four components for membrane fusion, PrV can mediate cell-cell fusion without gD. Moreover, in contrast to the HSVs, PrV provides a unique opportunity for reversion analyses of gL-negative mutants by serial cell culture passaging, due to a limited cell-cell spread capacity of gL-negative PrV not observed in the HSVs. This allows a more direct analysis of the function of gH/gL during membrane fusion. Unraveling the molecular mechanism of herpesvirus fusion has been a goal of fundamental research for years, and yet important mechanistic details remain to be uncovered. Nevertheless, the elucidation of the crystal structures of all key players involved in PrV and HSV membrane fusion, coupled with a wealth of functional data, has shed some light on this complex puzzle. In this review, we summarize and discuss the contemporary knowledge on the molecular mechanism of entry and membrane fusion utilized by the alphaherpesvirus PrV, and highlight similarities but also remarkable differences in the requirements for fusion between PrV and the HSVs. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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