Hypercalcemia, nephrolithiasis, and hypervitaminosis D precipitated by supplementation in a susceptible individual
| Autor: | Lynn A. Burmeister, Michael F. Holick, Keerthana Haridas |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism chemistry.chemical_element 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Calcium Nephrolithiasis Loss of function mutation 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine CYP24A1 Internal medicine medicine Vitamin D and neurology Humans Vitamin D Vitamin D3 24-Hydroxylase Calcifediol 030109 nutrition & dietetics Nutrition and Dietetics biology business.industry Cytochrome P450 Vitamins medicine.disease Hypervitaminosis D Endocrinology chemistry Parathyroid Hormone Toxicity Dietary Supplements biology.protein Hypercalcemia Female High ratio business |
| Zdroj: | Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.). 74 |
| ISSN: | 1873-1244 |
| Popis: | Vitamin D supplementation is common among the general public. Although generally considered safe, vitamin D supplement-induced toxicity has been reported, often in association with manufacturing or labeling errors. Additionally, selected patient populations may have a hypersensitivity to vitamin D supplementation, leading to consequences due to supraphysiologic serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. A 58-y-old woman developed hypercalcemia and its sequelae while on vitamin D supplementation. Despite being vitamin D replete, a functional medicine practitioner prescribed vitamin D starting at 8000 IU/d, tapering to 2000 IU/d over 3 mo. Nephrolithiasis was diagnosed after 3 mo of vitamin D treatment. Laboratory testing revealed a high serum calcium, low parathyroid hormone (PTH), high 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and high 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D]. Further investigation demonstrated low serum 24,25 dihydroxyvitamin D [24,25(OH)2D] and a very high ratio of 25(OH)D to 24,25(OH)2D, leading to the consideration of loss of function mutation in cytochrome P450 (CYP)24A1, a key enzyme involved in the degradation of 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D into inactive metabolites. This leads to the persistence of high levels of bioactive vitamin D metabolites, increasing the risk for development of intoxication with vitamin D supplementation. Vitamin D supplementation can precipitate hypercalcemia and nephrolithiasis in individuals with altered vitamin D catabolism. This highlights the importance of monitoring serum calcium levels in patients who are being supplemented with vitamin D. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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