Adaptation to bipedal gait and fifth metatarsal structural properties in Australopithecus , Paranthropus , and Homo
| Autor: | Tea Jashashvili, Renaud Lebrun, Mark R. Dowdeswell, Biren A. Patel, Randall L. Susman, David Lordkipanidze, Kristian J. Carlson |
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| Přispěvatelé: | School of Statistics and Actuarial Science [South Africa], University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] (WITS), Keck School of Medicine [Los Angeles], University of Southern California (USC), The National Museum of Georgia, Evolutionary Studies Institute, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY), Indiana University [Bloomington], Indiana University System |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
060101 anthropology medicine.diagnostic_test biology [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE] [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology General Engineering Computed tomography Context (language use) 06 humanities and the arts Anatomy biology.organism_classification 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Foot loading medicine.anatomical_structure Gait (human) Australopithecus medicine Paranthropus 0601 history and archaeology Cortical bone Adaptation ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS |
| Zdroj: | Comptes Rendus Palevol Comptes Rendus Palevol, Elsevier, 2017, 16 (5-6), pp.585-599. ⟨10.1016/j.crpv.2016.10.003⟩ |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.crpv.2016.10.003⟩ |
| Popis: | Humans, unlike African apes, have relatively robust fifth metatarsals (Mt5) presumably reflecting substantial weight-bearing and stability function in the lateral column of the former. When this morphological difference emerged during hominin evolution is debated. Here we investigate internal diaphyseal structure of Mt5s attributed to Australopithecus (from Sterkfontein), Paranthropus (from Swartkrans), and Homo (from Olduvai, Dmanisi, and Dinaledi) placed in the context of human and African ape Mt5 internal diaphyseal structure. ‘Whole-shaft’ properties were evaluated from 17 cross sections sampling 25% to 75% diaphyseal length using computed tomography. To assess structural patterns, scaled cortical bone thicknesses (sCBT) and scaled second moments of area (sSMA) were visualized and evaluated through penalized discriminant analyses. While the majority of fossil hominin Mt5s exhibited ape-like sCBT, their sSMA were comparatively more human-like. Human-like functional loading of the lateral column existed in at least some fossil hominins, although perhaps surprisingly not in hominins from Dmanisi or Dinaledi. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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