A proinflammatory diet is associated with inflammatory gene expression among healthy, non-obese adults: Can social ties protect against the risks?
Autor: | Janice K. Kiecolt-Glaser, Alex Woody, Stephanie J. Wilson, William B. Malarkey, John F. Sheridan, Nitin Shivappa, Avelina C. Padin, James R. Hébert, Martha A. Belury |
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Rok vydání: | 2019 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Adult Male medicine.medical_specialty Saturated fat Immunology Interleukin-1beta Gene Expression Inflammation Peripheral blood mononuclear cell Article Proinflammatory cytokine 03 medical and health sciences Behavioral Neuroscience 0302 clinical medicine Risk Factors Internal medicine Gene expression medicine Humans Interpersonal Relations Obesity Aged Aged 80 and over Endocrine and Autonomic Systems business.industry Interleukin-6 Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Body Weight Interleukin Middle Aged medicine.disease Dietary Fats Diet 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology Social Isolation Diet Western Body Composition Tumor necrosis factor alpha Female medicine.symptom business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
Zdroj: | Brain Behav Immun |
ISSN: | 1090-2139 |
Popis: | The Western diet, characterized by high intake of saturated fat, sugar, and salt, is associated with elevated inflammation and chronic disease risk. Few studies have investigated molecular mechanisms linking diet and inflammation; however, a small number of randomized controlled trials suggest that consuming an anti-inflammatory diet (i.e., a primarily plant-based diet rich in monounsaturated fat and lean protein) decreases proinflammatory gene expression. The current study investigated the association between everyday diet and proinflammatory gene expression, as well as the extent to which central adiposity and social involvement modulate risk. Participants were healthy middle-aged and older adults (N = 105) who completed a food frequency questionnaire and reported how many close social roles they have. Anthropometric measurements and blood samples also were collected; gene expression data were analyzed from LPS-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells for interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. The inflammatory potential of each participant’s diet was calculated using the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®). Participants with higher DII® scores, indicating a more proinflammatory diet, had greater IL-6 (b = −0.02, SE = 0.008, p = .01), IL-1β (b = −0.01, SE = 0.006, p = .03), and TNF-α (b = −0.01, SE = 0.005, p = .04) gene expression if they had a smaller sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD); effects were not seen among those with higher SADs. Social involvement served a protective role, such that participants with smaller SADs had greater IL-6 (b = 0.01, SE = 0.004, p = .049) and IL-1β (b = 0.01, SE = 0.003, p = .045) gene expression only if they had less social involvement; there was no effect of diet on gene expression among those who reported greater social participation. Results are the first to demonstrate a link between self-reported diet and proinflammatory gene expression. Importantly, the effect of diet on gene expression depended upon both body fat composition and social participation, both of which have previously been linked directly with proinflammatory gene expression and inflammation. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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