Clinical Significance of Electronegative Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Atherothrombosis
| Autor: | Shi Hui Law, David Lenzen, Etsuro Ito, Jung Chou Wu, Hua Chen Chan, Chu-Huang Chen, Yong Hong Tan, Chih Sheng Chu, Liang-Yin Ke, Shih-Feng Weng |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
electronegative low-density lipoprotein medicine.medical_specialty Statin medicine.drug_class Medicine (miscellaneous) Review 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Ezetimibe cardiovascular disease Internal medicine medicine lcsh:QH301-705.5 Pulse wave velocity oxLDL Triglyceride Cholesterol business.industry L5 LDL PCSK9 030104 developmental biology lcsh:Biology (General) chemistry oxidized LDL Cardiology Biomarker (medicine) lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins) atherosclerosis business Lipoprotein medicine.drug LDL(–) |
| Zdroj: | Biomedicines Biomedicines, Vol 8, Iss 254, p 254 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 2227-9059 |
| Popis: | Despite the numerous risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), cumulative evidence shows that electronegative low-density lipoprotein (L5 LDL) cholesterol is a promising biomarker. Its toxicity may contribute to atherothrombotic events. Notably, plasma L5 LDL levels positively correlate with the increasing severity of cardiovascular diseases. In contrast, traditional markers such as LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride are the therapeutic goals in secondary prevention for ASCVD, but that is controversial in primary prevention for patients with low risk. In this review, we point out the clinical significance and pathophysiological mechanisms of L5 LDL, and the clinical applications of L5 LDL levels in ASCVD can be confidently addressed. Based on the previously defined cut-off value by receiver operating characteristic curve, the acceptable physiological range of L5 concentration is proposed to be below 1.7 mg/dL. When L5 LDL level surpass this threshold, clinically relevant ASCVD might be present, and further exams such as carotid intima-media thickness, pulse wave velocity, exercise stress test, or multidetector computed tomography are required. Notably, the ultimate goal of L5 LDL concentration is lower than 1.7 mg/dL. Instead, with L5 LDL greater than 1.7 mg/dL, lipid-lowering treatment may be required, including statin, ezetimibe or PCSK9 inhibitor, regardless of the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level. Since L5 LDL could be a promising biomarker, we propose that a high throughput, clinically feasible methodology is urgently required not only for conducting a prospective, large population study but for developing therapeutics strategies to decrease L5 LDL in the blood. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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