Reshaping of Gut Microbiota in Gilthead Sea Bream Fed Microbial and Processed Animal Proteins as the Main Dietary Protein Source
Autor: | Danny Van Mullem, Paula Solé-Jiménez, Itziar Estensoro, M. Carla Piazzon, Jaume Pérez-Sánchez, Fernando Naya-Català, Ariadna Sitjà-Bobadilla, Josep A. Calduch-Giner |
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Přispěvatelé: | European Commission, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Generalitat Valenciana, CSIC - Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal (IATS) |
Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
Single cell proteins
Firmicutes Science Ocean Engineering Gut microbiota Aquatic Science Gut flora QH1-199.5 Oceanography Actinobacteria 03 medical and health sciences Fish meal Sparus aurata Gammaproteobacteria Food science Host defense Feces Processed animal proteins 030304 developmental biology Water Science and Technology 2. Zero hunger Inflammation 0303 health sciences Global and Planetary Change biology General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences biology.organism_classification 040102 fisheries 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries Actinomycetales Proteobacteria |
Zdroj: | Frontiers in Marine Science Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 8 (2021) Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC instname |
Popis: | The present study aimed to unravel the effects of partial (50%; 50LSAqua) and total (100%; 100LSAqua) replacement of fish meal (FM) by a commercial protein source (LSAqua SusPro) made of bacterial and processed animal proteins (PAP) in farmed juveniles of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). The trial lasted 8 weeks, and the feasibility of replacement was assessed in terms of growth performance, histopathological scoring and composition of mucosal adherent microbiota from anterior intestine (AI). Specific growth rates (SGR) of 50LSAqua fish were undistinguishable from the CTRL group, whereas a slight but significant growth impairment was found with the total replacement. Histological signs of inflammation across the intestine were more evident at the highest level of FM replacement, and the total concentration of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) in stripped feces decreased in a dose dependent manner. Illumina sequencing of gut mucosal microbiota yielded a mean of 130,439 reads per sample assigned to 1,567 OTUs at 97% identity threshold. The bacterial richness was similar in all groups, but a significantly higher Simpson diversity index was found in 100LSAqua fish. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria were the most abundant in all groups, whereas Firmicutes decreased and Actinobacteria increased with the FM replacement. At a closer look, pro-inflammatory Gammaproteobacteria of the genus Psychrobacter, and Acinetobacter decreased with FM replacement, whereas the anti-inflammatory Paracoccus, Arthrobacter, and Actinomycetales increased, with a remarkable presence of the Propioniciclava genus in LSAqua groups. The inferred metagenome analysis suggested that these discriminant bacteria could be implicated in a counter-regulatory anti-inflammatory response. It also pointed to an over-representation of mucosal microbes that can potentially be involved in the natural production of antimicrobials in fish fed the experimental diets. This work was supported by the EU H2020 Research Innovation Program under the TNA Program (project AE170009) at IATS-CSIC Research Infrastructure within AQUAEXCEL2020 Project (652831). This output reflects only the author’s view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained herein. Additional funding was obtained by a Spanish MICINN project (Bream-AquaINTECH, RTI2018–094128-B-I00). MCP was funded by a Ramón y Cajal Postdoctoral Research Fellowship [RYC2018-024049-I/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 cofunded by the European Social Fund (ESF) & ACOND/2020 Generalitat Valenciana]. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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