Choline acetyltransferase–expressing T cells are required to control chronic viral infection

Autor:	Lisa X. Yu, Alisha R. Elford, Brian J. Nieman, Kevin J. Tracey, Carmen Dominguez-Brauer, Pamela S. Ohashi, Peder S. Olofsson, Maureen A. Cox, Kyle T. Gill, Gordon Duncan, Gloria H. Y. Lin, Jillian Haight, Dirk Brenner, Tak W. Mak, Benjamin E. Steinberg, Shawn P. Kubli, Andrew J. Elia, Thorsten Berger, Luke N. Buckler, Andrew Wakeham
Rok vydání:	2019
Předmět:	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes Male T-Lymphocytes T cell Mice Transgenic CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Biology Lymphocyte Activation Infections Lymphocytic choriomeningitis Article Virus Choline O-Acetyltransferase Mice 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Cell Movement Immunity medicine Animals Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus Humans 030304 developmental biology 0303 health sciences Multidisciplinary Interleukins medicine.disease Choline acetyltransferase Virology 3. Good health Mice Inbred C57BL Vasodilation medicine.anatomical_structure Virus Diseases T cell migration Female Clone (B-cell biology) 030217 neurology & neurosurgery CD8
Zdroj:	Cox, M A, Duncan, G S, Lin, G H Y, Steinberg, B E, Yu, L X, Brenner, D, Buckler, L N, Elia, A J, Wakeham, A C, Nieman, B, Dominguez-Brauer, C, Elford, A R, Gill, K T, Kubli, S P, Haight, J, Berger, T, Ohashi, P S, Tracey, K J, Olofsson, P S & Mak, T W 2019, ' Choline acetyltransferase–expressing T cells are required to control chronic viral infection ', Science, vol. 363, no. 6427, pp. 639-644 . https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aau9072
ISSN:	1095-9203 0036-8075
DOI:	10.1126/science.aau9072
Popis:	ChAT-ty T cells fight viral infection The neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) is involved in processes such as muscle contraction, neuron communication, and vasodilation. Along with neurons, a population of immunological T cells and B cells express the enzyme choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), which catalyzes the rate-limiting step of ACh production. However, the role of immune cell–derived ACh is unclear. Cox et al. report that the cytokine interleukin-21 (IL-21) induces ChAT expression in CD4 + and CD8 + T cells during lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection (see the Perspective by Hickman). T cell–specific deletion of ChAT strongly impaired vasodilation and trafficking of antiviral T cells into infected tissues, which undermined the effective control of a chronic viral infection. Thus, IL-21 plays a critical role during chronic infection. Furthermore, the findings reveal a cholinergic mechanism that can regulate immune cell migration into tissues. Science , this issue p. 639 ; see also p. 585
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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