Development of an Iron-Based Fischer–Tropsch Catalyst with High Attrition Resistance and Stability for Industrial Application
| Autor: | Zhang Kui, Wu Peng, Lin Quan, Yijun lv, Hai Chang, Weizhen Li, Zhuowu Men, Cheng Meng |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
attrition
Materials science Continuous stirred-tank reactor chemistry.chemical_element TP1-1185 010402 general chemistry 01 natural sciences Catalysis Physisorption X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Fischer–Tropsch synthesis Attrition test Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Boron QD1-999 General Environmental Science 010405 organic chemistry Chemical technology Fischer–Tropsch process stability industrial application 0104 chemical sciences Chemistry chemistry Chemical engineering silica Hydroxyl value boron |
| Zdroj: | Catalysts Volume 11 Issue 8 Catalysts, Vol 11, Iss 908, p 908 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2073-4344 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/catal11080908 |
| Popis: | In order to develop an iron-based catalyst with high attrition resistance and stability for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS), a series of experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of SiO2 and its hydroxyl content and a boron promoter on the attrition resistance and catalytic behavior of spray-dried precipitated Fe/Cu/K/SiO2 catalysts. The catalysts were characterized by means of N2 physisorption, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), H2-thermogravimetric analysis (H2-TGA), temperature-programmed reduction and hydrogenation (TPR and TPH), and scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM). The FTS performance of the catalysts was tested in a slurry-phase continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR), while the attrition resistance study included a physical test with the standard method and a chemical attrition test under simulated reaction conditions. The results indicated that the increase in SiO2 content enhances catalysts’ attrition resistance and FTS stability, but decreases activity due to the suppression of further reduction of the catalysts. Moreover, the attrition resistance of the catalysts with the same silica content was greatly improved with an increase in hydroxyl number within silica sources, as well as the FTS activity and stability to some degree. Furthermore, the boron element was found to show remarkable promotion of FTS stability, and the promotion mechanism was discussed with regard to probable interactions between Fe and B, K and B, and SiO2 and B, etc. An optimized catalyst based on the results of this study was finalized, scaled up, and successfully applied in a megaton industrial slurry bubble FTS unit, exhibiting excellent FTS performance. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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