Enhanced Choice for Viewing Cocaine Pictures in Cocaine Addiction
| Autor: | Nora D. Volkow, Scott J. Moeller, Gene-Jack Wang, Nelly Alia-Klein, Jonathan P. Dunning, Greg Hajcak, Patricia A. Woicik, Thomas Maloney, Rita Z. Goldstein, Frank Telang, Muhammad A. Parvaz |
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| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty media_common.quotation_subject Craving Audiology Choice Behavior Article Developmental psychology Arousal Cocaine-Related Disorders Neuroimaging Neuropsychologia medicine Humans Biological Psychiatry media_common Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Addiction Neuropsychology Middle Aged Control subjects medicine.disease Substance abuse Female medicine.symptom Psychology Photic Stimulation Psychomotor Performance |
| Zdroj: | Biological Psychiatry. 66:169-176 |
| ISSN: | 0006-3223 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.02.015 |
| Popis: | Background Individuals with cocaine use disorder (CUD) chose cocaine over nondrug rewards. In two newly designed laboratory tasks with pictures, we document this modified choice outside of a cocaine administration paradigm. Methods Choice for viewing cocaine, pleasant, unpleasant, or neutral pictures—under explicit contingencies (choice made between two fully visible side-by-side images) and under more implicit contingencies (selections made between pictures hidden under flipped-over cards)—was examined in 20 CUD and 20 matched healthy control subjects. Subjects also provided self-reported ratings of each picture's pleasantness and arousal. Results Under both contingencies, CUD subjects chose to view more cocaine pictures than control subjects, group differences that were not fully explained by the self-reported picture ratings. Furthermore, whereas CUD subjects' choice for viewing cocaine pictures exceeded choice for viewing unpleasant pictures (but did not exceed choice for viewing pleasant pictures, in contrast to their self-reported ratings), healthy control subjects avoided viewing cocaine pictures as frequently as, or even more than, unpleasant pictures. Finally, CUD subjects with the most cocaine viewing selections, even when directly compared with selections of the pleasant pictures, also reported the most frequent recent cocaine use. Conclusions Enhanced drug-related choice in cocaine addiction can be demonstrated even for nonpharmacologic (pictorial) stimuli. This choice, which is modulated by alternative stimuli, partly transcends self-reports (possibly indicative of a disconnect in cocaine addiction between self-reports and objective behavior) to provide an objective marker of addiction severity. Neuroimaging studies are needed to establish the neural underpinnings of such enhanced cocaine-related choice. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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