The associations between area-level residential instability and gray matter volumes from the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS) consortium
| Autor: | Benson S. Ku, Jean Addington, Carrie E. Bearden, Kristin S. Cadenhead, Tyrone D. Cannon, Michael T. Compton, Barbara A. Cornblatt, Benjamin G. Druss, Matcheri Keshavan, Daniel H. Mathalon, Diana O. Perkins, William S. Stone, Ming T. Tsuang, Scott W. Woods, Elaine F. Walker |
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| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Adolescent Medical and Health Sciences Article Young Adult Residential instability Clinical high risk for psychosis Behavioral and Social Science Humans Rostral anterior cingulate cortex Longitudinal Studies Gray Matter Child Biological Psychiatry Psychiatry Cerebral Cortex Caudal middle frontal gyrus Prevention Psychology and Cognitive Sciences Neurosciences Serious Mental Illness Magnetic Resonance Imaging Brain Disorders Caudal middle frontal gyms Psychiatry and Mental health Mental Health Good Health and Well Being Psychotic Disorders North America Schizophrenia |
| Zdroj: | Schizophr Res |
| ISSN: | 0920-9964 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.schres.2021.12.050 |
| Popis: | IntroductionArea-level residential instability (ARI), an index of social fragmentation, has been shown to explain the association between urbanicity and psychosis. Urban upbringing has been shown to be associated with reduced gray matter volumes (GMV)s of brain regions corresponding to the right caudal middle frontal gyrus (CMFG) and rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC). We hypothesize that greater ARI will be associated with reduced right CMFG and rACC GMVs.MethodsData were collected at baseline as part of the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study Phase 2. Counties where participants resided during childhood were geographically coded using the US Census to area-level factors. ARI was defined as the percentage of residents living in a different house 5years ago. Generalized linear mixed models tested associations between ARI and GMVs.ResultsThis study included 29 healthy controls (HC)s and 64 clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) individuals who were aged 12 to 24years, had remained in their baseline residential area, and had magnetic resonance imaging scans. ARI was associated with reduced right CMFG (adjusted β=-0.258; 95% CI=-0.502 to -0.015) and right rACC volumes (adjusted β=-0.318; 95% CI=-0.612 to -0.023). The interaction term (ARI-by-diagnostic group) in the prediction of both brain regions was not significant, indicating that the relationships between ARI and regional brain volumes held for both CHR-P and HCs.ConclusionsARI may adversely impact similar brain regions as urban upbringing. Further investigation into the potential mechanisms of the relationship between ARI and neurobiology, including social stress, is needed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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