COVID-19 Clinical Profiles and Fatality Rates in Hospitalized Patients Reveal Case Aggravation and Selective Co-Infection by Limited Gram-Negative Bacteria
| Autor: | Kamaleldin Said, Ahmed Alsolami, Safia Moussa, Fayez Alfouzan, Abdelhafiz Bashir, Musleh Rashidi, Rana Aborans, Taha Taha, Husam Almansour, Mashari Alazmi, Amal Al-Otaibi, Luluh Aljaloud, Basmah Al-Anazi, Ahmed Mohialdin, Ahmed Aljadani |
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| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Bacteria Coinfection Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health COVID-19 Bacterial Infections Microbial Sensitivity Tests SARS-CoV-2 pandemic empirical-antimicrobial therapy nosocomial resistance selective infections mortality Middle Aged Anti-Bacterial Agents Klebsiella pneumoniae Gram-Negative Bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa Urinary Tract Infections Escherichia coli Humans Female Child Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections Aged |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health; Volume 19; Issue 9; Pages: 5270 |
| ISSN: | 1660-4601 |
| Popis: | Bacterial co-infections may aggravate COVID-19 disease, and therefore being cognizant of other pathogens is imperative. We studied the types, frequency, antibiogram, case fatality rates (CFR), and clinical profiles of co-infecting-pathogens in 301 COVID-19 patients. Co-infection was 36% (n = 109), while CFR was 31.2% compared to 9.9% in non-co-infected patients (z-value = 3.1). Four bacterial species dominated, namely, multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (37%, n = 48), extremely drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (26%, n = 34), multidrug-resistant Eschericia. coli (18.6%, n = 24), and extremely drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.5%, n = 11), in addition to other bacterial species (9.3%, n = 12). Increased co-infection of K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii was associated with increased death rates of 29% (n = 14) and 32% (n = 11), respectively. Klebsiella pneumoniae was equally frequent in respiratory and urinary tract infections (UTI), while E. coli mostly caused UTI (67%), and A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa dominated respiratory infections (38% and 45%, respectively). Co-infections correlated with advance in age: seniors ≥ 50 years (71%), young adults 21–49 years (25.6%), and children 0–20 years (3%). These findings have significant clinical implications in the successful COVID-19 therapies, particularly in geriatric management. Future studies would reveal insights into the potential selective mechanism(s) of Gram-negative bacterial co-infection in COVID-19 patients. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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