Title 'Organic Fertilizers' in Vietnam’s Markets: Nutrient Composition and Efficacy of Their Application
| Autor: | Shima Kazuto, Hoang Thi Quynh |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Irrigation
Geography Planning and Development lcsh:TJ807-830 lcsh:Renewable energy sources Greenhouse 010501 environmental sciences Management Monitoring Policy and Law engineering.material Raw material 01 natural sciences Toxicology Nutrient so-called organic fertilizer N leaching Leaching (agriculture) lcsh:Environmental sciences 0105 earth and related environmental sciences lcsh:GE1-350 Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment Compost lcsh:Environmental effects of industries and plants 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences lcsh:TD194-195 nutrient composition 040103 agronomy & agriculture engineering 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries Environmental science Fertilizer production coffee by-products Organic fertilizer |
| Zdroj: | Sustainability Volume 10 Issue 7 Sustainability, Vol 10, Iss 7, p 2437 (2018) |
| ISSN: | 2071-1050 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/su10072437 |
| Popis: | Organic fertilizers have recently been gaining popularity however, their governance is not completely assessed in developing countries. This study investigated the nutrient composition of so-called organic fertilizers in Vietnam&rsquo s markets and issues related to their production, and evaluated their potential to contaminate the groundwater. We analyzed the physicochemical properties of 12 domestic and four imported products of the fertilizers, and conducted a cultivation experiment in sandy soil with the fertilizer applied at a rate of 200 mg N kg&minus 1 soil using an automatic watering apparatus in a greenhouse. We further studied the production of an &ldquo organic fertilizer&rdquo from coffee by-products. The nutrient content greatly varied among domestic products, whereas they were quite similar among imported products. The product packaging of the collected samples lacked information regarding raw materials. Two thirds of the domestic products contained over 30% of the total N in the inorganic form, implying that the N content dramatically increased in the fertilizers rather than in their supposed raw materials. The stages involved in the production were composting, the addition of extra soil as a bulking agent, and the mixing-in of chemical substances to increase the nutrient content before packing. The remarkably high ratio of inorganic N to total N was attributed to excessive N leaching from soil by the application of domestic fertilizers. These results suggested the need for quality criteria guidelines for organic fertilizers in Vietnam that underline not only nutrient levels, but also the control of raw materials and production process of compost, because they are closely related to nutrient uptake and the leaching loss of nutrients. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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