Distinct functionalities of bone morphogenetic protein antagonists during fracture healing in mice
| Autor: | J. T. Enders, Watson Jt, Charlie Peters, Wu Jin, Berton R. Moed, Daniel B. Dean, Andrew Chen, Zijun Zhang |
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| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty animal structures Histology Statistics as Topic Bone healing Bone morphogenetic protein Bone remodeling Fractures Bone Mice Internal medicine medicine Animals Noggin Molecular Biology Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Fracture Healing Femur fracture Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction business.industry Original Articles Cell Biology Surgery Mice Inbred C57BL Bone morphogenetic protein 7 Endocrinology Bone morphogenetic protein 5 Bone Morphogenetic Proteins Models Animal embryonic structures BAMBI Anatomy business Developmental Biology |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Anatomy. 216:625-630 |
| ISSN: | 1469-7580 0021-8782 |
| Popis: | The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family of growth factors plays critical roles in bone formation. BMPs are regulated at multiple levels by various BMP antagonists. This study investigated how BMP antagonists are integrated into the cascade of events of bone formation during fracture healing. Forty mice underwent a controlled femur fracture; tissue samples at the fracture site were harvested at days 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 after fracture, for quantification of the expression of BMPs and BMP antagonists. During fracture healing, BMP-2, -4 and -7 were up-regulated, but BMPR-1A and BMPR-2 showed reduced expression after day 14. Among BMP antagonists, the expressions of PRDC, SOST, Smad7, GREM1 and CERBERUS were generally down-regulated during fracture healing. In contrast, Noggin was significantly up-regulated in the first week after fracture; 7 days after fracture, other BMP antagonists, including DAN, CHRD, Smad6 and BAMBI, also showed significantly increased expression. In conclusion, this study indicates that BMP antagonists can be divided into two functional groups in relation to fracture healing: (1) those whose suppression may be essential for the initiation of osteogenesis; (2) those that are upregulated and may function in the remodeling of newly formed bone. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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