Occupational exposure of UK adults to extremely low frequency magnetic fields
| Autor: | C. Dunn, M van Tongeren, S. G. Allen, Myron Maslanyj, P. Whatmough, Kenneth Muir, L. Broad, Patricia A. McKinney, Terence Mee |
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| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty Neoplasms Radiation-Induced Job-exposure matrix Population Cumulative Exposure Radiation Dosage Occupational medicine Electromagnetic Fields Environmental health Occupational Exposure Medicine Contextual information Humans Occupations education Radiometry education.field_of_study Travel Models Statistical business.industry Standard Industrial Classification Brain Neoplasms Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Work environment Occupational Diseases England Case-Control Studies Epidemiological Monitoring Occupational exposure business Environmental Monitoring |
| Zdroj: | Occupational and environmental medicine. 66(9) |
| ISSN: | 1470-7926 |
| Popis: | Background: Occupational exposure to extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields (MF) in the UK general population is poorly documented. Aims: To assess levels of occupational exposure to ELF MF in the UK and evaluate the use of a rigid job-exposure matrix (JEM) to assign exposures to subjects in the UK Adult Brain Tumour Study (UKABTS). Methods: Personal ELF MF measurements were carried out. Exposure traces were divided into occupational, travel and elsewhere periods, under differing exposure metrics. Exposure was classified by Standard Occupational Classification (2000), Standard Industrial Classification (1997), and a combined occupation-industry classification. Statistical analyses (mixed effects model) determined the contribution of occupational exposure to the 24 h cumulative exposure and the contribution of occupation and industry to total variance. Results: Data were obtained from 317 individuals, comprising UKABTS subjects (n = 192), occupational proxies for UKABTS subjects (n = 101) and “interest” readings (n = 24). 236 individuals provided occupational data covering 117 different occupations. Average exposure was significantly higher at work than at home. Elevated average occupational exposure was found for welding trades, printers, telephonists and filing and other records assistants. The discrimination of a rigid JEM based on occupation can be improved by linking the classification with industry and by the use of contextual information. Conclusions: This report substantially expands information on adult exposure to ELF MF in the UK. The accuracy of exposure assessments based solely on job codes is improved by linking with either industry code or contextual knowledge of equipment and of power lines or substations in the work environment. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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