The Use of a Numerical Weather Prediction Model to Simulate Near-Field Volcanic Plumes
| Autor: | Alan Gadian, Mark J. Woodhouse, Stephen Mobbs, Ralph Burton |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
event.disaster_type
volcanic plumes Atmospheric Science 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Environmental Science (miscellaneous) Eruption column Entrainment (meteorology) Atmospheric dispersion modeling lcsh:QC851-999 010502 geochemistry & geophysics Numerical weather prediction Atmospheric sciences 01 natural sciences Plume Atmosphere Volcanic Gases numerical weather prediction models Weather Research and Forecasting Model Environmental science event atmospheric dispersion lcsh:Meteorology. Climatology 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | Atmosphere, Vol 11, Iss 594, p 594 (2020) Atmosphere Volume 11 Issue 6 Burton, R R, Woodhouse, M J, Gadian, A M & Mobbs, S D 2020, ' The Use of a Numerical Weather Prediction Model to Simulate Near-field Volcanic Plumes ', Atmosphere, vol. 11, no. 6, 594 . https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11060594 |
| ISSN: | 2073-4433 |
| Popis: | In this paper, a state-of the art numerical weather prediction (NWP) model is used to simulate the near-field plume of a Plinian-type volcanic eruption. The NWP model is run at very high resolution (of the order of 100 m) and includes a representation of physical processes, including turbulence and buoyancy, that are essential components of eruption column dynamics. Results are shown that illustrate buoyant gas plume dynamics in an atmosphere at rest and in an atmosphere with background wind, and we show that these results agree well with those from theoretical models in the quiescent atmosphere. For wind-blown plumes, we show that features observed in experimental and natural settings are reproduced in our model. However, when comparing with predictions from an integral model using existing entrainment closures there are marked differences. We speculate that these are signatures of a difference in turbulent mixing for uniform and shear flow profiles in a stratified atmosphere. A more complex implementation is given to show that the model may also be used to examine the dispersion of heavy volcanic gases such as sulphur dioxide. Starting from the standard version of the weather research and forecasting (WRF) model, we show that minimal modifications are needed in order to model volcanic plumes. This suggests that the modified NWP model can be used in the forecasting of plume evolution during future volcanic events, in addition to providing a virtual laboratory for the testing of hypotheses regarding plume behaviour. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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