Bacterial genome engineering and synthetic biology: combating pathogens
| Autor: | Malathy Krishnamurthy, Richard T. Moore, Rekha G. Panchal, Sathish Rajamani |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Genome engineering
0301 basic medicine Microbiology (medical) Phage therapy Antibiotic resistance medicine.medical_treatment 030106 microbiology Review Pathogenesis Drug resistance Biology medicine.disease_cause Microbiology Bacterial genetics 03 medical and health sciences Drug Delivery Systems Drug Resistance Multiple Bacterial Drug Discovery Prevalence medicine Animals Humans Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats Gene Regulatory Networks Phage Therapy Recombineering Targetron Gene circuits Recombination Genetic Bacteria Virulence Quorum Sensing Pathogenic bacteria Multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens Bacterial Infections medicine.disease Anti-Bacterial Agents Antibacterial Multiple drug resistance RNA Bacterial 030104 developmental biology Parasitology Synthetic Biology Genetic Engineering Pneumonia (non-human) Synthetic Biology (SB) Genome Bacterial |
| Zdroj: | BMC Microbiology |
| ISSN: | 1471-2180 |
| DOI: | 10.1186/s12866-016-0876-3 |
| Popis: | Background The emergence and prevalence of multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogenic bacteria poses a serious threat to human and animal health globally. Nosocomial infections and common ailments such as pneumonia, wound, urinary tract, and bloodstream infections are becoming more challenging to treat due to the rapid spread of MDR pathogenic bacteria. According to recent reports by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there is an unprecedented increase in the occurrence of MDR infections worldwide. The rise in these infections has generated an economic strain worldwide, prompting the WHO to endorse a global action plan to improve awareness and understanding of antimicrobial resistance. This health crisis necessitates an immediate action to target the underlying mechanisms of drug resistance in bacteria. Research The advent of new bacterial genome engineering and synthetic biology (SB) tools is providing promising diagnostic and treatment plans to monitor and treat widespread recalcitrant bacterial infections. Key advances in genetic engineering approaches can successfully aid in targeting and editing pathogenic bacterial genomes for understanding and mitigating drug resistance mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the application of specific genome engineering and SB methods such as recombineering, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), and bacterial cell-cell signaling mechanisms for pathogen targeting. The utility of these tools in developing antibacterial strategies such as novel antibiotic production, phage therapy, diagnostics and vaccine production to name a few, are also highlighted. Conclusions The prevalent use of antibiotics and the spread of MDR bacteria raise the prospect of a post-antibiotic era, which underscores the need for developing novel therapeutics to target MDR pathogens. The development of enabling SB technologies offers promising solutions to deliver safe and effective antibacterial therapies. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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