Evaluation of Analysis Methods for Formaldehyde, Acetaldehyde, and Furfural from Fast Pyrolysis Bio-oil
| Autor: | Atte Mikkelson, Hero J. Heeres, Bert van de Beld, E.J. Leijenhorst, Jozef G. M. Winkelman, Anja Oasmaa, Taina Ohra-aho, Léon Rohrbach, Hans Heeres |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Chemical Technology |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Chromatography
Aqueous solution General Chemical Engineering Acetaldehyde Formaldehyde Energy Engineering and Power Technology 02 engineering and technology 010402 general chemistry 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Furfural 01 natural sciences 7. Clean energy High-performance liquid chromatography Article 0104 chemical sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Fuel Technology chemistry Bioenergy 0210 nano-technology Derivatization Pyrolysis |
| Zdroj: | Ohra-Aho, T, Rohrbach, L, Winkelman, J G M, Heeres, H J, Mikkelson, A, Oasmaa, A, van de Beld, B, Leijenhorst, E J & Heeres, H 2021, ' Evaluation of Analysis Methods for Formaldehyde, Acetaldehyde, and Furfural from Fast Pyrolysis Bio-oil ', Energy & Fuels, vol. 35, no. 22, pp. 18583−18591 . https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c02208 Energy and Fuels, 35(22), 18583-18591. AMER CHEMICAL SOC Energy & Fuels |
| ISSN: | 0887-0624 |
| Popis: | Fast pyrolysis bio-oil (FPBO), a second-generation liquid bioenergy carrier, is currently entering the market. FPBO is produced from biomass through the fast pyrolysis process and contains a large number of constituents, of which a significant part is still unknown. Various analytical methods have been systematically developed and validated for FPBO in the past; however, reliable methods for characterization of acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, and furfural are still lacking. In this work, different analysis methods with (HS-GC/ECD, HPLC, UV/Vis) and without derivatization (GC/MSD, HPLC) for the characterization of these components were evaluated. Five FPBO samples were used, covering a range of biomass materials (pine wood, miscanthus, and bark), storage conditions (freezer and room temperature), and after treatments (none, filtration, and vacuum evaporation). There was no difference among the methods for the acetaldehyde analysis. A significant difference among the methods for the determination of formaldehyde and furfural was observed. Thus, more data on the accuracy of the methods are required. The precision of all methods was below 10% with the exception of the HPLC analysis of acetaldehyde with an RSD of 14%. The concentration of acetaldehyde in the FPBO produced from the three different biomasses and stored in a freezer after production ranged from 0.24 to 0.60 wt %. Storage at room temperature and vacuum evaporation both decreased significantly the acetaldehyde concentration. Furfural concentrations ranged from 0.11 to 0.36 wt % for the five samples. Storage and after treatment affected the furfural concentration but to a lesser extent than for acetaldehyde. Storage at room temperature decreased formaldehyde similarly to acetaldehyde; however, after vacuum-evaporation the concentration of formaldehyde did not change. Thus, the analysis results indicated that in FPBO the equilibrium of formaldehyde and methylene glycol is almost completely on the methylene glycol side, as in aqueous solutions. All three methods employed here actually measure the sum of free formaldehyde and methylene glycol (FAMG). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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