Functional neuroanatomical correlates of episodic memory impairment in early phase psychosis

Autor: Alan Breier, Brenna C. McDonald, Jenifer L. Vohs, Alexander J. Radnovich, Emily Liffick, Andrew J. Saykin, Nicole F. Mehdiyoun, Tom A. Hummer, Michael M. Francis, Matthew G. Yung
Rok vydání: 2015
Předmět:
Adult
Male
Psychosis
Adolescent
Memory
Episodic
Cognitive Neuroscience
Precuneus
Neuropsychological Tests
Article
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
Behavioral Neuroscience
Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
0302 clinical medicine
Neural Pathways
Reaction Time
medicine
Humans
Radiology
Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance
Episodic memory
Temporal cortex
Brain Mapping
Memory Disorders
medicine.diagnostic_test
Brain
Recognition
Psychology
medicine.disease
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
030227 psychiatry
Psychiatry and Mental health
medicine.anatomical_structure
Psychotic Disorders
Neurology
Schizophrenia
Posterior cingulate
Acute Disease
Visual Perception
Female
Schizophrenic Psychology
Neurology (clinical)
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Psychology
Neuroscience
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Zdroj: Brain Imaging and Behavior. 10:1-11
ISSN: 1931-7565
1931-7557
Popis: Studies have demonstrated that episodic memory (EM) is often preferentially disrupted in schizophrenia. The neural substrates that mediate EM impairment in this illness are not fully understood. Several functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have employed EM probe tasks to elucidate the neural underpinnings of impairment, though results have been inconsistent. The majority of EM imaging studies have been conducted in chronic forms of schizophrenia with relatively few studies in early phase patients. Early phase schizophrenia studies are important because they may provide information regarding when EM deficits occur and address potential confounds more frequently observed in chronic populations. In this study, we assessed brain activation during the performance of visual scene encoding and recognition fMRI tasks in patients with earlyphase psychosis (n = 35) and age, sex, and race matched healthy control subjects (n = 20). Patients demonstrated significantly lower activation than controls in the right hippocampus and left fusiform gyrus during scene encoding and lower activation in the posterior cingulate, precuneus, and left middle temporal cortex during recognition of target scenes. Symptom levels were not related to the imaging findings, though better cognitive performance in patients was associated with greater right hippocampal activation during encoding. These results provide evidence of altered function in neuroanatomical circuitry subserving EM early in the course of psychotic illness, which may have implications for pathophysiological models of this illness.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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