Translation role of circRNAs in cancers
| Autor: | Zhisen Shen, Jian Zhang, Zhe Li, Yaqin Lu, Chen Lin |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Microbiology (medical) RNA Caps Adenosine Clinical Biochemistry translation Computational biology Review Article Biology Models Biological Green fluorescent protein Translational Research Biomedical 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Neoplasms medicine cancers Immunology and Allergy Animals Humans Biochemistry (medical) Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Cancer RNA Translation (biology) Hematology RNA Circular medicine.disease Medical Laboratory Technology Internal ribosome entry site 030104 developmental biology chemistry 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis N6‐methyladenosine Human genome N6-Methyladenosine internal ribosome entry sites Minigene circular RNAs |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis |
| ISSN: | 1098-2825 |
| Popis: | Circular RNAs (circRNAs) constitute a class of covalently closed RNA molecules. With the continuous advancement of high‐throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics tools, many circRNAs have been identified in various human tissues and cell lines. Notably, recent studies have indicated that some circRNAs have translational functions. Internal ribosome entry sites and the N6‐methyladenosine modification mediate cap‐independent translation. This review describes these two translation mechanisms and verification methods at the molecular level. Databases (including ORF Finder, Pfam, BLASTp, CircRNADb, CircBase, CircPro, CircCode, IRESite, IRESbase) were used to analyze whether circRNAs have the structural characteristic of translation. CircRNA minigene reporter system containing green fluorescent protein (GFP) confirmed the translation potential of circRNAs. Also, we briefly summarize the roles of proteins/peptides encoded by circRNAs (circFBXW7, circFNDC3B, circLgr4, circPPP1R12A, circMAPK1, circβ‐catenin, circGprc5a, circ‐SHPRH, circPINTexon2, circAKT3) that have been verified thus far in human cancers (triple‐negative breast cancer, colon cancer, gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, bladder cancer, glioblastoma). Those findings suggest circRNAs have a great implication in translation of the human genome. Mechanism of cap‐independent translation initiated by IRES (eg, circFBXW7 in glioblastoma) and by m6A modification in the 5′‐UTR. USP28, ubiquitin‐specific peptidase 28; YTHDC1, YTH domain‐containing 1; METTL3, methyltransferase‐like 3; METTL14, methyltransferase‐like 14; YTHDF1, YTH domain family protein 1; YTHDF3, YTH domain family protein 3; m6A, N6‐methyladenosine; eIF4G2, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 2; IRES, internal ribosome entry site; and UTR, untranslated region. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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