ICRP Publication 142: Radiological Protection from Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (NORM) in Industrial Processes
| Autor: | S Mundigl, P Shaw, H B Okyar, S Andresz, J-F Lecomte, M Markkanen, Astrid Liland, J Mrdakovic-Popic, P Egidi, D.C. Lauria, P P Haridasan, F Liu |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, University of Colorado [Denver], Centre d’étude sur l’Evaluation de la Protection dans le domaine Nucléaire (CEPN), Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), Instituto de Radioproteção e Dosimetria |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Naturally occurring radioactive material
Radiological and Ultrasound Technology [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Radiation Exposure 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Radiation Protection Risk analysis (engineering) 13. Climate action 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Radiological weapon Reference level Occupational Exposure Humans Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Business Radiation Injuries |
| Zdroj: | Annals of the ICRP Annals of the ICRP, 2019, 48 (4), pp.5-67. ⟨10.1177/0146645319874589⟩ |
| Popis: | The purpose of this publication is to provide guidance on radiological protection in industries involving naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM). These industries may give rise to multiple hazards and the radiological hazard is not necessarily dominant. The industries are diverse and may involve exposure of people and the environment where protective actions need to be considered. In some cases, there is a potential for significant routine exposure of workers and members of the public if suitable control measures are not considered. Releases of large volumes of NORM may also result in detrimental effects on the environment from radiological and non-radiological constituents. However, NORM industries present no real prospect of a radiological emergency leading to tissue reactions or immediate danger for life. Radiological protection in industries involving NORM can be appropriately addressed on the basis of the principles of justification of the actions taken and optimisation of protection using reference levels. An integrated and graded approach is recommended for the protection of workers, the public, and the environment, where consideration of non-radiological hazards is integrated with radiological hazards, and the approach to protection is optimised (graded) so that the use of various radiological protection programme elements is consistent with the hazards while not imposing unnecessary burdens. For workers, the approach starts with characterisation of the exposure situation, and integration, as necessary, of specific radiological protective actions to complement the protection strategy already in place or planned to manage other workplace hazards. According to the characteristics of the exposure situation and the magnitude of the hazards, a relevant reference level should be selected and appropriate collective or individual protective actions taken. Exposure to radon is also treated using a graded approach, based first on application of typical radon prevention and mitigation techniques, as described initalicPublication 126/italic. A similar approach should be implemented for public exposure through the control of discharges, wastes, and residues after characterisation of the situation. If the protection of non-human species is warranted, it should be dealt with after an assessment of radiological exposure appropriate for the circumstances, taking into account all hazards and impacts. This should include identification of exposed organisms in the environment, and use relevant derived consideration reference levels to inform decisions on options for control of exposure. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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