Intranasal insulin improves cognition and modulates -amyloid in early AD
| Autor: | Pattie S. Green, John C.S. Breitner, Brenna Cholerton, Mark A. Fishel, Charles W. Wilkinson, S. R. Plymate, William DeGroodt, G. S. Watson, Laura D. Baker, Mark A. Reger, Suzanne Craft, P. Mehta |
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| Rok vydání: | 2007 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
medicine.medical_treatment Pilot Projects Plaque Amyloid Neuropsychological Tests Placebo Prodrome Alzheimer Disease Internal medicine medicine Humans Insulin Attention Administration Intranasal Pancreatic hormone Aged Aged 80 and over Amyloid beta-Peptides biology Verbal Behavior Brain Cognition medicine.disease Peptide Fragments Insulin receptor Neuroprotective Agents Treatment Outcome Endocrinology Disease Progression biology.protein Nasal administration Neurology (clinical) Alzheimer's disease Cognition Disorders Psychology |
| Zdroj: | Neurology. 70:440-448 |
| ISSN: | 1526-632X 0028-3878 |
| DOI: | 10.1212/01.wnl.0000265401.62434.36 |
| Popis: | Background: Reduced brain insulin signaling and low CSF-to-plasma insulin ratios have been observed in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). Furthermore, intracerebroventricular or IV insulin administration improve memory, alter evoked potentials, and modulate neurotransmitters, possibly by augmenting low brain levels. After intranasal administration, insulin-like peptides follow extracellular pathways to the brain within 15 minutes. Objective: We tested the hypothesis that daily intranasal insulin treatment would facilitate cognition in patients with early AD or its prodrome, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The proportion of verbal information retained after a delay period was the planned primary outcome measure. Secondary outcome measures included attention, caregiver rating of functional status, and plasma levels of insulin, glucose, β-amyloid, and cortisol. Methods: Twenty-five participants were randomly assigned to receive either placebo (n = 12) or 20 IU BID intranasal insulin treatment (n = 13) using an electronic atomizer, and 24 participants completed the study. Participants, caregivers, and all clinical evaluators were blinded to treatment assignment. Cognitive measures and blood were obtained at baseline and after 21 days of treatment. Results: Fasting plasma glucose and insulin were unchanged with treatment. The insulin-treated group retained more verbal information after a delay compared with the placebo-assigned group ( p = 0.0374). Insulin-treated subjects also showed improved attention ( p = 0.0108) and functional status ( p = 0.0410). Insulin treatment raised fasting plasma concentrations of the short form of the β-amyloid peptide (Aβ40; p = 0.0471) without affecting the longer isoform (Aβ42), resulting in an increased Aβ40/42 ratio ( p = 0.0207). Conclusions: The results of this pilot study support further investigation of the benefits of intranasal insulin for patients with Alzheimer disease, and suggest that intranasal peptide administration may be a novel approach to the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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