Hereditary xanthinuria is not so rare disorder of purine metabolism
Autor: | Jakub Krijt, Ivan Sebesta, Blanka Stiburkova |
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Rok vydání: | 2018 |
Předmět: |
Adult
Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism Inborn Errors medicine.medical_specialty Renal Tubular Transport Inborn Errors Xanthine Dehydrogenase Allopurinol Population 030232 urology & nephrology 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology Xanthine Biochemistry Gastroenterology Diagnosis Differential 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Internal medicine Genetics medicine Humans Hypouricemia Child education Aldehyde oxidase Czech Republic Creatinine education.field_of_study General Medicine medicine.disease Uric Acid Aldehyde Oxidase chemistry Xanthine dehydrogenase Purines Child Preschool Molecular Medicine Uric acid Urinary Calculi Metabolism Inborn Errors medicine.drug |
Zdroj: | Nucleosides, Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids. 37:324-328 |
ISSN: | 1532-2335 1525-7770 |
Popis: | Hereditary xanthinuria (type I) is caused by an inherited deficiency of the xanthine oxidorectase (XDH/XO), and is characterized by very low concentration of uric acid in blood and urine and high concentration of urinary xanthine, leading to urolithiasis. Type II results from a combined deficiency of XDH/XO and aldehyde oxidase. Patients present with hematuria, renal colic, urolithiasis or even acute renal failure. Clinical symptoms are the same for both types. In a third type, clinically distinct, sulfite oxidase activity is missing as well as XDH/XO and aldehyde oxidase. The prevalence is not known, but about 150 cases have been described so far. Hypouricemia is sometimes overlooked, that´s why we have set up the diagnostic flowchart. This consists of a) evaluation of uric acid concentrations in serum and urine with exclusion of primary renal hypouricemia, b) estimation of urinary xanthine, c) allopurinol loading test, which enables to distinguish type I and II; and finally assay of xanthine oxidoreductase activity in plasma with molecular genetic analysis. Following this diagnostic procedure we were able to find first patients with hereditary xanthinuria in our Czech population. We have detected nine cases, which is one of the largest group worldwide. Four patients were asymptomatic. All had profound hypouricemia, which was the first sign and led to referral to our department. Urinary concentrations of xanthine were in the range of 170-598 mmol/mol creatinine (normal < 30 mmol/mol creatinine). Hereditary xanthinuria is still unrecognized disorder and subjects with unexplained hypouricemia need detailed purine metabolic investigation. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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