A Study of Twelve Southern California Communities with Differing Levels and Types of Air Pollution
Autor: | William C. Navidi, Edward L. Avol, Hita Vora, W. James Gauderman, William S. Linn, Stephanie J. London, Helene G. Margolis, Edward B. Rappaport, Henry Gong, Duncan C. Thomas, John M. Peters |
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Rok vydání: | 1999 |
Předmět: |
Male
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine Pollution medicine.medical_specialty media_common.quotation_subject Vital Capacity Air pollution Peak Expiratory Flow Rate Nitric Oxide Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine medicine.disease_cause California Pulmonary function testing Survey methodology Ozone Forced Expiratory Volume Environmental health Humans Medicine Prospective Studies Child Prospective cohort study Maximal Expiratory Flow Rate media_common Exposure assessment Pollutant Air Pollutants business.industry Surgery Cross-Sectional Studies El Niño Multivariate Analysis Respiratory Mechanics Female business Acids |
Zdroj: | American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 159:768-775 |
ISSN: | 1535-4970 1073-449X 1986-1990 |
Popis: | To study the possible chronic respiratory effects of air pollutants, we designed and initiated a 10-yr prospective study of Southern California public schoolchildren living in 12 communities with different levels and profiles of air pollution. The design of the study, exposure assessment methods, and survey methods and results related to respiratory symptoms and conditions are described in the accompanying paper. Pulmonary function tests were completed on 3,293 subjects. We evaluated cross-sectionally the effects of air pollution exposures based on data collected in 1986-1990 by existing monitoring stations and data collected by our study team in 1994. Expected relationships were seen between demographic, physical, and other environmental factors and pulmonary function values. When the data were stratified by sex, an association was seen between pollution levels and lower pulmonary function in female subjects, with the associations being stronger for the 1994 exposure data than the 1986-1990 data. After adjustment, PM10, PM2.5, and NO2 were each significantly associated with lower FVC, FEV1, and maximal midexpiratory flow (MMEF); acid vapor with lower FVC, FEV1, peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), and MMEF; and O3 with lower PEFR and MMEF. Effects were generally larger in those girls spending more time outdoors. Stepwise regression of adjusted pulmonary function values for girls in the 12 communities showed that NO2 was most strongly associated with lower FVC (r = -0.74, p0.01), PM2.5 with FEV1 (r = -0.72, p0.01), O3 with PEFR (r = -0.75, p0.005), and PM2.5 with MMEF (r = -0.80, p0.005). There was a statistically significant association between ozone exposure and decreased FVC and FEV1 in girls with asthma. For boys, significant associations were seen between peak O3 exposures and lower FVC and FEV1, but only in those spending more time outdoors. These findings underline the importance of follow-up of this cohort. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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