A four-year simulation of soil aquifer treatment using columns filled with San Gabriel Valley sand
| Autor: | Bryan Trussell, Yan Qu, R. Shane Trussell, Teresa Venezia, R. Rhodes Trussell, Sangam Stanczak, Fernanda Bacaro, Fred Gerringer, Israel Monroy |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Water reclamation
Environmental Engineering 0208 environmental biotechnology Aquifer 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences Residence time (fluid dynamics) 01 natural sciences Waste Disposal Fluid Dimethylnitrosamine Water Purification Soil Source water Recycling Biological activated carbon Waste Management and Disposal Effluent Groundwater 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Water Science and Technology Civil and Structural Engineering Hydrology Total organic carbon geography geography.geographical_feature_category Ecological Modeling Pollution Carbon 020801 environmental engineering Carbamazepine Charcoal Soil column Environmental science Water Pollutants Chemical |
| Zdroj: | Water research. 144 |
| ISSN: | 1879-2448 |
| Popis: | Two column pairs filled with 3.05-m of a sandy soil from the Upper San Gabriel Valley were operated for a period of four and ½ years on municipal effluent from the San Jose Creek Water Reclamation Plant operated by the Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County (LACSD). One column pair was fed filtered, chlorinated effluent (tertiary effluent) for the entire period. The other pair was fed ozonated secondary effluent for 8-mo, ozonated secondary effluent filtered through biological activated carbon (O3/BAC) for 7-mo and tertiary effluent for 38-mo. Each column pair was operated in series, where the first column was operated for a shorter residence time and the second column for a longer residence time. Residence times tested were 5-d, 28-d, 30-d, 58-d, 60-d, 150-d and 180-d. For the last 38-mo, both pairs of columns had a residence time of 30-d in the first column and the total residence time of the two pairs was 150 and 180-d, respectively. Testing showed both of these pairs had the same long-term performance. The column pairs with a 150 to 180-d residence time, which were both fed tertiary effluent, reached an effluent total organic carbon (TOC) of 1.8 mg/L. Column pairs with a 28 to 30-d residence time, which were fed tertiary, ozonated, and O3/BAC effluent, reached effluent TOCs of 2.3, 2.1 and 1.8 mg/L respectively. In the latter, some TOC removal was shifted from the soil columns to the BAC. During the last 38 months of testing, using tertiary effluent as the source water, a series of sampling events was performed throughout the soil column system for N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and chemicals of emerging concern (CECs). NDMA was substantially reduced in all the columns, with a median value of 3 ng/L after 30-d and |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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