Elemental and isotopic compositions of trench-slope black shales, Bohemian Massif, with implications for oceanic and atmospheric oxygenation in early Cambrian

Autor: Ondřej Pour, Damien Cividini, Lukáš Ackerman, Jakub Trubač, Eva Vosáhlová, Martin Svojtka, Béatrice Luais, Jiří Žák, Jan Pašava, Ondřej Šebek, František Veselovský, Robert A. Creaser
Přispěvatelé: Czech Geological Survey [Praha], Institute of Geology of the Czech Academy of Sciences (GLI / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Charles University [Prague] (CU), Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Edmonton], University of Alberta, Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Zdroj: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, Elsevier, 2021, 564, pp.110195. ⟨10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.110195⟩
ISSN: 0031-0182
Popis: International audience; This study examines a lower Cambrian pyrite-bearing black shale–graywacke succession in the Czech Republic interpreted as infill of a deep-marine, extensional trench-slope basin on top of an accretionary wedge that developed during subduction of an oceanic plate beneath the northern margin of Gondwana. The new U–Pb detrital zircon geochronology of the graywacke constrains the maximum age of deposition to 533 +5/−6 Ma, whereas the Re–Os dating of pyrite yielded a younger age of 507 ± 16 Ma. Distribution of major and trace elements and calculated enrichment factors (EF) indicate that this succession was deposited under changing redox conditions over a short time span and that the basin was presumably controlled by tectonic subsidence and varying supply of terrigenous arc-derived material. This depositional setting is reflected by largely variable EFs and δ98Mo and δ53Cr values. Euxinic conditions detected at the base of the sampled black shale interval are documented by the highest values of EFs of redox-sensitive metals (e.g., Mo, U, V, Ni, Co, As) and also the Corg/P (>1000) and DOPT (>0.7) values. Black shales show lower δ56Fe values due to the excess of authigenic pyrite-Fe with a mean δ56Fe value of −0.02‰ over detrital Fe in graywacke with a mean δ56Fe value of +0.25‰. However, the Fe isotopic signatures of the black shales are not consistent with iron shuttling, mixing of authigenic and detrital sources, or hydrothermal metal enrichment. Instead, they most likely resulted from partial oxidation of pyrite through the syndepositional oxidizing hydrothermal fluids (Si–Ba enrichment), which resulted in precipitation of isotopically heavy Fe-oxyhydroxides. We propose that our maximal recorded δ98Mo value (+ 0.98‰) might represent the best estimate for the ancient local seawater Mo composition at around 533 Ma and argues against deep-ocean oxygenation in the early Cambrian. On the other hand, the Se/Co ratios of synsedimentary pyrite indicate a mean atmosphere O2 value of ~27%
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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