Development of an Objective Autism Risk Index Using Remote Eye Tracking
| Autor: | Veena Ahuja, Mary Beukemann, Sumit Parikh, Steven Wexberg, Kimberly Giuliano, Leslie A. Markowitz, Thomas W. Frazier, Carol Delahunty, Antonio Y. Hardan, Mark S. Strauss, Eric A. Youngstrom, Leslie Speer, Eric W. Klingemier, Charis Eng, Elaine Schulte, Michael J. Manos |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Eye Movements genetic structures Referral Autism Spectrum Disorder Nitrous Oxide Audiology Severity of Illness Index behavioral disciplines and activities Article 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Risk Factors Region of interest mental disorders Severity of illness Developmental and Educational Psychology medicine Humans Attention 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Autistic Disorder Child Social Behavior Psychiatry Receiver operating characteristic 05 social sciences Reproducibility of Results Eye movement Environmental Exposure medicine.disease eye diseases Psychiatry and Mental health Autism spectrum disorder Child Preschool Remote Sensing Technology Autism Eye tracking Female Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery 050104 developmental & child psychology |
| Zdroj: | Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 55:301-309 |
| ISSN: | 0890-8567 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jaac.2016.01.011 |
| Popis: | Abnormal eye gaze is a hallmark characteristic of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and numerous studies have identified abnormal attention patterns in ASD. The primary aim of the present study was to create an objective, eye tracking-based autism risk index.In initial and replication studies, children were recruited after referral for comprehensive multidisciplinary evaluation of ASD and subsequently grouped by clinical consensus diagnosis (ASD n = 25/15, non-ASD n = 20/19 for initial/replication samples). Remote eye tracking was blinded to diagnosis and included multiple stimuli. Dwell times were recorded to each a priori-defined region of interest (ROI) and averaged across ROIs to create an autism risk index. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses examined classification accuracy. Correlations with clinical measures evaluated whether the autism risk index was associated with autism symptom severity independent of language ability.In both samples, the autism risk index had high diagnostic accuracy (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.91 and 0.85, 95% CIs = 0.81-0.98 and 0.71-0.96), was strongly associated with Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Second Edition (ADOS-2) severity scores (r = 0.58 and 0.59, p .001), and not significantly correlated with language ability (r ≤| -0.28|, p.095).The autism risk index may be a useful quantitative and objective measure of risk for autism in at-risk settings. Future research in larger samples is needed to cross-validate these findings. If validated and scaled for clinical use, this measure could inform clinical judgment regarding ASD diagnosis and track symptom improvements. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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